Medical Dictionary

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nailing (nal′ing)
Act of inserting or driving a nail into the ends of a fractured bone.

Najjar
Victor A., U.S. physician and biochemist, *1914. See Crigler-N. syndrome.

Nakanishi
Kazuhiro, Japanese physician, *1945. See N. stain.

nalbuphine hydrochloride (nal-bu′fen)
A synthetic opioid analgesic chemically related to oxymorphone, a narcotic, and to naloxone, a narcotic antagonist, with both agonist and antagonist narcotic properties.

nalidixic acid (nal-i-dik′sik)
An orally effective antibacterial agent used in the treatment of genitourinary tract infections.

nalorphine (nal-or′fen)
An early antagonist of most of the depressant and stimulatory effects of morphine and related narcotic analgesics; precipitates severe withdrawal symptoms in morphine addicts, is used in the diagnosis of suspected morphine addiction, and counteracts the respiratory depression produced by morphine and related compounds; when administered in the absence of narcotics, n. has mild analgesic and respiratory depressant effects in nonaddicts; superseded by naloxone. SYN: N-allylnormorphine.

naloxone hydrochloride (nal-ok′son)
A potent antagonist of endorphins and narcotics, including pentazocine; devoid of pharmacologic action when administered without narcotics.

naltrexone (nal-treks′on)
An orally active narcotic antagonist; devoid of pharmacologic action when administered in the absence of narcotics.

NAME
Acronym for nevi, atrial myxoma, myxoid neurofibromas, and ephilides. See N. syndrome.

NANDA
Acronym for North American Nursing Diagnosis Association.

nandrolone (nan′dro-lon)
A semisynthetic, parenterally administered, anabolic, androgenic steroid. n. decanoate an anabolic androgen. n. phenpropionate a moderately long-acting synthetic anabolic androgen. SYN: n. phenylpropionate. n. phenylpropionate SYN: n. phenpropionate.

nanism (nan′izm)
Obsolete term for dwarfism. [G. nanos; L. nanus, dwarf] mulibrey n. (mu′li-bra) autosomal recessive disorder with defects of liver, brain, muscle, and eyes. [from muscle, liver, brain, and eyes] renal n. infantile renal osteodystrophy. symptomatic n. dwarfism with defects in bone, dentition, and sexual development.

Nannizzia (na-niz′e-a)
A genus of ascomycetous fungi composed of Microsporum species in their perfect state.

nano-
1. Combining form relating to dwarfism (nanism). 2. (n) Prefix used in the SI and metric systems to signify submultiples of one-billionth (10−9). [G. nanos, dwarf]

nanocephalia (nan′o-se-fa′le-a)
SYN: microcephaly.

nanocephalous, nanocephalic (nan-o-sef′a-lus, -se-fal′ik)
SYN: microcephalic.

nanocephaly (nan-o-sef′a-le)
SYN: microcephaly. [nano- + G. kephale, head]

nanocormia (nan-o-kor′me-a)
SYN: microsomia. [nano- + G. kormos, trunk]

nanogram (ng) (nan′o-gram)
One-billionth of a gram (10−9 g).

nanokatal (nkat) (nan-o-ka-tal′)
One-billionth of a katal (10−9 kat).

nanomelia (nan-o-me′le-a)
SYN: micromelia. [nano- + G. melos, limb]

nanometer (nm) (nan-om′e-ter)
One-billionth of a meter (10−9 m).

nanophthalmia, nanophthalmos (nan-of-thal′me-a, -mos)
SYN: microphthalmos. [nano- + G. ophthalmos, eye]

Nanophyetus salmincola (na-no′fi-e-tus sal-min′ko-la)
A digenetic fish-borne fluke (family Nanophyetidae) of dogs and other fish-eating mammals; the vector of Neorickettsia helmintheca, the agent of salmon poisoning. SYN: Troglotrema salmincola.

Nanta
See Gandy-N. disease.

nanukayami (na-noo-ka-yah′me)
SYN: n. fever.

nape (nap)
SYN: nucha.

napex (na′peks)
The area of the scalp just below the occipital protuberance.

naphazoline hydrochloride (na-faz′o-len, naf-az′-)
A sympathomimetic amine, used as a topical vasoconstrictor; available as n. nitrate, with the same uses. SYN: naphthazoline hydrochloride.

naphtha (naf′tha)
SYN: petroleum benzin. [G.] coal tar n. SYN: benzene. wood n. SYN: methyl alcohol.

naphthalene (naf′tha-len)
A carcinogenic and toxic hydrocarbon obtained from coal tar; used for many syntheses in industry and in some moth repellents; n. can cause an attack of hemolytic anemia in individuals with a deficiency of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. SYN: naphthalin, tar camphor.

naphthalenol (naf-thal′e-nol)
SYN: naphthol.

naphthalin (naf′tha-lin)
SYN: naphthalene.

naphthazoline hydrochloride (naf-thaz′o-len)
SYN: naphazoline hydrochloride.

naphthol (naf′thol)
A phenol of naphthalene, occurring in two forms: α-n., a dye intermediate used in cytochemistry for l-arginine localization; β-n., also known as isonaphthol, used as an anthelmintic and antiseptic. Both forms are also used in the manufacture of dyes, organic chemicals, and rubber products. SYN: naphthalenol.

naphtholate (naf′tho-lat)
A compound of naphthol in which the hydrogen in the hydroxyl radical is substituted by a base.

naphthol yellow S [C.I. 10316]
An acid dye used as a stain for basic proteins in microspectrophotometry.

naphthoquinone (naf-tho-kwin′on)
1. A quinone derivative of naphthalene, reducible to naphthohydroquinone; 1,4-n. derivatives have vitamin K activity ( e.g., menaquinone). 2. A class of compounds containing the n. (1) structure.

naphthyl (naf′thil)
The radical of naphthalene, C10H7–.

napier (na′pe-er)
SYN: neper. [John N., Scottish mathematician, 1550–1617]

naproxen (na-prok′sen)
A nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic agent used in the treatment of rheumatoid conditions.

napsylate (nap′si-lat)
USAN-approved contraction for 2-naphthalenesulfonate.

narceine (nar′se-en)
An alkaloid of opium; C23H27NO8. Ethylnarceine is a narcotic, analgesic, and antitussive.

narcissism (nar-sis′izm, nar′si-sizm)
1. A state in which one interprets and regards everything in relation to oneself and not to other persons or things. 2. Self-love, which may include sexual attraction toward onself. SEE ALSO: autoeroticism. SYN: self-love. [Narkissos, G. myth. char.] primary n. in psychoanalysis, the original psychic energy embodied or invested in the ego. secondary n. in psychoanalysis, the psychic energy once attached to external objects, but now withdrawn from those objects and reinvested in the ego.

narco-
Stupor, narcosis. [G. narkoo, to benumb, deaden]

narcoanalysis (nar′ko-a-nal′i-sis)
Psychotherapeutic treatment under light anesthesia, originally used in acute combat cases during World War II; also has been used in the treatment of childhood trauma. SEE ALSO: narcotherapy. SYN: narcosynthesis.

narcohypnia (nar-ko-hip′ne-a)
A general numbness sometimes experienced at the moment of waking. [narco- + G. hypnos, sleep]

narcohypnosis (nar′ko-hip-no′sis)
Stupor or deep sleep induced by hypnosis. [narco- + G. hypnos, sleep]

narcolepsy (nar′ko-lep-se)
A sleep disorder that usually appears in young adulthood, consisting of recurring episodes of sleep during the day and often disrupted nocturnal sleep; frequently accompanied by cataplexy, sleep paralysis, and hypnagogic hallucinations; a genetically determined disease. SYN: Gélineau syndrome, paroxysmal sleep. [narco- + G. lepsis, seizure]

narcoleptic (nar′ko-lep′-tik)
1. A sleep-inducing drug. 2. A person with narcolepsy.

narcosis (nar-ko′sis)
General and nonspecific reversible depression of neuronal excitability, produced by a number of physical and chemical agents, usually resulting in stupor rather than in anesthesia (with which n. was once synonymous). [G. a benumbing] CO2 n. SYN: hypoventilation coma. intravenous n. administration of opiate medication intravenously. nitrogen n. 1. n. produced by nitrogenous materials such as occurs in certain forms of uremia and hepatic coma; 2. the stuporous condition characterized by disorientation and by loss of judgment and skill, attributed to an increased partial pressure of nitrogen in the inspired air of deep-sea divers during underwater operations. Commonly referred to as “rapture of the deep.” SYN: rapture of the deep.

narcosynthesis (nar-ko-sin′the-sis)
SYN: narcoanalysis.

narcotherapy (nar-ko-thar′a-pe)
Psychotherapy conducted with the patient under the influence of a sedative or narcotic.

narcotic (nar-kot′ik)
1. Originally, any drug derived from opium or opium-like compounds with potent analgesic effects associated with both significant alteration of mood and behavior and potential for dependence and tolerance. 2. More recently, any drug, synthetic or naturally occurring, with effects similar to those of opium and opium derivatives, including meperidine and fentanyl and its derivatives. 3. Capable of inducing a state of stuporous analgesia. [G. narkotikos, benumbing]

narcotism (nar′ko-tizm)
1. Stuporous analgesia induced by a narcotic. 2. Addiction to a narcotic.

naris, pl .nares (na′ris, -res) [TA]
Anterior opening to the nasal cavity. SYN: anterior n., external n., nostril, prenaris. [L.] anterior n. SYN: n.. external n. SYN: n.. internal n. obsolete term for choanae. posterior nares SYN: choanae.

NARP
Acronym for neuropathy, ataxia, retinitis pigmentosa syndrome, one of the inherited mitochondrial disorders, caused by a point mutation resulting in the substitution of a single amino acid in the mitochondrial DNA at position 8993. A more severe expression of the same point mutation manifests clinically as Leigh disease (q.v.).

narrowband
A limited band of sound frequencies, as opposed to the wideband of frequencies also known as white noise; used to mask hearing in the nontest ear in hearing measurement.

nasal (na′zal)
Relating to the nose. SYN: rhinal. [L. nasus, nose]

nascent (nas′ent, na′sent)
1. Beginning; being born or produced. 2. Denoting the state of a chemical element at the moment it is set free from one of its compounds. [L. nascor, pres. p. nascens, to be born]

nasioiniac (na′ze-o-in′e-ak)
Relating to the nasion and inion; denoting the distance in a straight line between the frontonasal suture and the external occipital protuberance.

nasion (na′ze-on) [TA]
A point on the skull corresponding to the middle of the nasofrontal suture. SYN: nasal point. [L. nasus, nose]

Nasmyth
Alexander, London dentist, 1789–1849. See N. cuticle, N. membrane.

naso-
The nose. [L. nasus]

nasoantral (na′zo-an′tral)
Relating to the nose and the maxillary sinus.

nasociliary
Relating to nose and eyelids. See n. nerve.

nasofrontal (na-zo-frun′tal)
Relating to the nose and forehead, or to the nasal cavity and frontal sinuses.

nasogastric (na-zo-gas′trik)
Pertaining to or involving both the nasal passages and the stomach, as in n. intubation.

nasolabial (na-zo-la′be-al)
Relating to the nose and upper lip. [naso- + L. labium, lip]

nasolacrimal (na-zo-lak′ri-mal)
Relating to the nasal and the lacrimal bones, or to the nasal cavity and the lacrimal ducts.

naso-oral (na-zo-o′ral)
Relating to the nose and mouth.

nasopalatine (na′zo-pal′a-ten, -tin)
Relating to the nose and the palate.

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