Medical Dictionary

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

nocturia (nok-too′re-a)
Purposeful urination at night, after waking from sleep; typically caused by increased nocturnal secretion of urine resulting from failure of suppression of urine production during recumbency or incomplete emptying of the bladder because of obstructive lesions in the lower urinary tract or detrusor instability. SYN: nycturia. [noct- + G. ouron, urine]

nocturnal (nok-ter′nal)
Pertaining to the hours of darkness; opposite of diurnal (1). [L. nocturnus, of the night]

nodal (no′dal)
Relating to any node.

node (nod) [TA]
1. A knob or nodosity; a circumscribed swelling; in anatomy, a circumscribed mass of tissue. 2. A circumscribed mass of differentiated tissue. 3. A knuckle, or finger joint. SYN: nodus [TA] . [L. nodus, a knot] anterior tibial n. SYN: anterior tibial lymph n.. n. of Aschoff and Tawara SYN: atrioventricular n.. atrioventricular n. (AV n.) [TA] 1. a small n. of modified cardiac muscle fibers located near the ostium of the coronary sinus; it gives rise to the atrioventricular bundle of the conduction system of the heart; 2. loosely circumscribed conduction tissue with sparse pacemakerlike (P) cells in the atrioventricular junction. SYN: nodus atrioventricularis [TA] , n. of Aschoff and Tawara, Tawara n.. Babès nodes collections of lymphocytes in the central nervous system found in rabies. buccinator n., buccal n. SYN: buccal lymph n.. n. of Cloquet SYN: proximal deep inguinal lymph n.. coronary n. the uppermost part of the atrioventricular n.. cystic n. SYN: cystic lymph n.. delphian n. a midline prelaryngeal lymph n., adjacent to the thyroid gland, enlargement of which is indicative of thyroid disease or early metastasis from the subglottic larynx. Dürck nodes perivascular chronic inflammatory infiltrates in the brain, occurring in human trypanosomiasis. fibular n. SYN: fibular lymph n.. Flack n. SYN: sinuatrial n.. foraminal n. SYN: lymph n. of anterior border of omental foramen. Haygarth nodes exostoses from the margins of the articular surfaces and from the periosteum and bone in the neighborhood of the joints of the fingers, leading to ankylosis and associated with lateral deflection of the fingers toward the ulnar side, which occur in rheumatoid arthritis. Heberden nodes exostoses about the size of a pea or smaller, found on the terminal phalanges of the fingers in osteoarthritis, which are enlargements of the tubercles at the articular extremities of the distal phalanges. SYN: tuberculum arthriticum (1) . hemal n. a lymphoid structure in which the blood sinuses are present in place of lymph sinuses; hemal nodes occur in ruminants and some other mammals, but their presence in humans is questioned. SYN: hemal gland, hemolymph gland, hemolymph n., vascular gland. hemolymph n. SYN: hemal n.. Hensen n. SYN: primitive n.. intermediate lacunar n. SYN: intermediate lacunar lymph n.. jugulodigastric n. SYN: jugulodigastric lymph n.. juguloomohyoid n. SYN: juguloomohyoid lymph n.. Keith n. SYN: sinuatrial n.. Keith and Flack n. SYN: sinuatrial n.. Koch n. SYN: sinuatrial n.. lateral lacunar n. SYN: lateral lacunar lymph n.. n. of ligamentum arteriosum SYN: lymph n. of ligamentum arteriosum. lymph n. lymph n.. malar n. SYN: malar lymph n.. mandibular nodes SYN: mandibular lymph n.. medial lacunar n. SYN: medial lacunar lymph n.. middle rectal n. SYN: middle rectal lymph n.. milkers' nodes SYN: milkers' nodules, under nodule. nasolabial n. SYN: nasolabial lymph n.. Osler n. in subacute bacterial endocarditis, circumscribed, painful erythematous swellings, ranging in size from that of a pinhead to that of a pea, in the skin and subcutaneous tissues of the hands and feet. SYN: Osler sign. parietal nodes SYN: parietal lymph nodes, under lymph n.. posterior tibial n. SYN: posterior tibial lymph n.. primitive n. a local thickening of the blastoderm at the cephalic end of the primitive streak of the embryo. SYN: Hensen knot, Hensen n., Hubrecht protochordal knot, primitive knot, protochordal knot. promontorial common iliac nodes [TA] nodes of the common iliac group located at the promontory of the sacrum. SYN: nodi lymphoidei iliaci communes promontorii [TA] , nodi lymphoidei promontorii. n. of Ranvier a short interval in the myelin sheath of a nerve fiber, occurring between each two successive segments of the myelin sheath; at the n., the axon is invested only by short, finger-like cytoplasmic processes of the two neighboring Schwann cells or, in the central nervous system, oligodendroglia cells. SEE ALSO: myelin sheath. retropyloric nodes SYN: retropyloric lymph nodes, under lymph n.. Rosenmüller n. SYN: proximal deep inguinal lymph n.. n. of Rouviere one of the lateral group of retropharyngeal lymph nodes. See retropharyngeal lymph nodes, under lymph n.. S-A n. abbreviation for sinoatrial n.. sentinel n. SYN: sentinel lymph n.. signal n. See signal lymph n.. singer's nodes SYN: vocal cord nodules, under nodule. sinoatrial n. (S-A n.) SYN: sinuatrial n.. sinuatrial n. [TA] the mass of specialized cardiac muscle fibers that normally acts as the “pacemaker” of the cardiac conduction system; it lies under the epicardium at the upper end of the sulcus terminalis. SYN: nodus sinuatrialis [TA] , atrionector, Flack n., Keith and Flack n., Keith n., Koch n., sinoatrial n., sinus n.. sinus n. SYN: sinuatrial n.. subdigastric n. SYN: jugulodigastric lymph n.. subpyloric n. SYN: subpyloric lymph nodes, under lymph n.. suprapyloric n. SYN: suprapyloric lymph n.. Tawara n. SYN: atrioventricular n.. teacher's nodes SYN: vocal cord nodules, under nodule. Troisier n. SYN: Troisier ganglion. Virchow n. SYN: signal lymph n.. visceral nodes SYN: visceral lymph nodes, under lymph n.. vital n. SYN: noeud vital.

nodi (no′di)
Plural of nodus. [L.]

nodose (no′dos)
Having nodes or knotlike swellings. [L. nodosus]

nodulation (nod-u-la′shun)
The formation or the presence of nodules.

nodule (nod′ul) [TA]
A small node; in skin, a node up to 1.0 cm in diameter, solid, with palpable depth. SYN: nodulus (1) [TA] . [L. nodulus, dim. of nodus, knot] aggregated lymphatic nodules SYN: aggregated lymphoid nodules of small intestine. aggregated lymphoid nodules [TA] masses of lymphoid tissue in the submucous coat of the vermiform appendix. SYN: noduli lymphoidei aggregati appendicis vermiformis [TA] , aggregated lymphatic follicles of vermiform appendix, folliculi lymphatici aggregati appendicis vermiformis. aggregated lymphoid nodules of small intestine [TA] collections of many lymphoid follicles closely packed together, forming oblong elevations on the mucous membrane of the ileum opposite the attachment of mesentary. SYN: aggregate glands, aggregated lymphatic follicles of small intestine, aggregated lymphatic nodules, agmen peyerianum, agminate glands, agminated glands, folliculi lymphatici aggregati, Peyer glands, Peyer patches. Albini nodules minute fibrous nodules on the margins of the mitral and tricuspid valves of the heart, sometimes present in the neonate and representing fetal tissue rests; described previously by Cruveilhier. Cf.:nodules of semilunar cusps. apple jelly nodules descriptive term for the papular lesions of lupus vulgaris, as they appear on diascopy. Arantius n. SYN: nodules of semilunar cusps. Aschoff nodules SYN: Aschoff bodies, under body. benign rheumatoid nodules SYN: pseudorheumatoid nodules. Bianchi n. SYN: nodules of semilunar cusps. Bohn nodules tiny multiple cysts in newborns. They are found at the junction of the hard and soft palates and along buccal and lingual parts of the dental ridges and are derived from epithelial remnants of mucous gland tissue. Busacca nodules inflammatory, granulomatous nodules located away from the pupillary margin of the iris. Caplan nodules SYN: Caplan syndrome. cold n. a thyroid n. with a much lower uptake of radioactive iodine than the surrounding parenchyma; about one in four prove to be malignant. Dalen-Fuchs nodules collections of epithelial cells lying between Bruch membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium in sympathetic ophthalmia and rarely in other granulomatous intraocular inflammations. enamel n. SYN: enameloma. Gamna-Gandy nodules SYN: Gamna-Gandy bodies, under body. gastric lymphoid nodules lymphoid tissue within the lamina propria which, especially in early life, collect in small masses similar to intestinal solitary lymphatic follicles. SYN: folliculi lymphatici gastrici. Hoboken nodules gross dilations on the outer surface of the umbilical arteries. SEE ALSO: Hoboken valves, under valve. SYN: Hoboken gemmules. hot n. a thyroid n. with a much higher uptake of radioactive iodine than the surrounding parenchyma; usually benign but sometimes causing hyperthyroidism. Jeanselme nodules a form of tertiary yaws that is characterized by the occurrence of nodules on the arms and legs, situated usually near the joints. SYN: juxta-articular nodules. juxta-articular nodules SYN: Jeanselme nodules. laryngeal lymphoid nodules small follicles located on the posterior aspect of the epiglottis and in the ventricle of the larynx. SYN: folliculi lymphatici laryngei, laryngeal tonsils, lymphatic follicles of larynx. Lisch n. iris hamartomas typically seen in type 1 neurofibromatosis. SYN: Sakurai-Lisch n.. lymph n. SYN: lymphoid n.. lymphatic n. SYN: lymphoid n.. lymphoid n. one of the spherical masses of lymphoid cells, frequently having a more lightly staining center. See solitary lymphatic nodules, aggregated lymphoid nodules of small intestine. SYN: folliculus lymphaticus, lymph n., lymphatic n., nodulus lymphaticus. malpighian nodules SYN: splenic lymph follicles, under follicle. milkers' nodules an infection of cows' udders by pseudocowpox virus, a member of the Poxviridae, that is transmitted to the fingers and hands of milkers, producing nodules and lymphangitis, and occasionally widespread papular or papulovesicular eruptions; human infection is transferable to uninfected cows. SYN: milkers' nodes, paravaccinia, pseudocowpox. Morgagni n. SYN: nodules of semilunar cusps. picker's nodules lichenified skin nodules seen in prurigo nodularis. primary n. a lymphatic n. having small lymphocytes and lacking a germinal center. pseudorheumatoid nodules benign subcutaneous nodules of unknown etiology resembling rheumatoid nodules but not associated with rheumatic disease; may occur in multiple sites, such as the dorsa of the feet or hands, elbows, scalp, and pretibial area. Serologic tests for collagen vascular disease are negative. SYN: benign rheumatoid nodules. pulp n. SYN: endolith. rheumatoid nodules subcutaneous nodules, occurring most commonly over bony prominences, in some patients with rheumatoid arthritis; microscopically, the nodules are foci of fibrinoid necrosis, surrounded by a palisade of fibroblasts. Sakurai-Lisch n. SYN: Lisch n.. Schmorl n. prolapse of the nucleus pulposus through the vertebral body endplate into the spongiosa of an adjacent vertebra. secondary n. a lymphatic n. having a germinal center. nodules of semilunar cusps [TA] a n. at the center of the free border of each semilunar valve at the beginning of the pulmonary artery and aorta. SYN: noduli valvularum semilunarium [TA] , Arantius n., Bianchi n., corpus arantii, Morgagni n., n. of semilunar valve. n. of semilunar valve SYN: nodules of semilunar cusps. siderotic nodules SYN: Gamna-Gandy bodies, under body. singer's nodules SYN: vocal cord nodules. solitary nodules of intestine SYN: solitary lymphatic nodules. solitary lymphatic nodules [TA] minute collections of lymphoid tissue in the mucosa of the small and large intestines, being especially numerous in the cecum and appendix. SYN: noduli lymphoidei solitarii [TA] , folliculi lymphatici solitarii, solitary follicles, solitary glands, solitary lymphatic follicles, solitary nodules of intestine. splenic lymph nodules SYN: splenic lymph follicles, under follicle. vocal cord nodules small, circumscribed, bilateral, beadlike enlargements on the free edge of the vocal cords at the junction of the anterior one-third and the posterior two-thirds caused by overuse or abuse of the voice; often reversible by voice therapy. SYN: singer's nodes, singer's nodules, teacher's nodes.

nodulus, pl .noduli (nod′u-lus, nod′u-li) [TA]
1. SYN: nodule. 2. The posterior extremity of the inferior vermis of the cerebellum, forming with the posterior medullary velum the central portion of the flocculonodular lobe. [L. dim. of nodus] n. caroticus SYN: carotid body. n. lymphaticus SYN: lymphoid nodule. noduli lymphoidei aggregati appendicis vermiformis [TA] SYN: aggregated lymphoid nodules, under nodule. noduli lymphoidei solitarii [TA] SYN: solitary lymphatic nodules, under nodule. noduli valvularum semilunarium [TA] SYN: nodules of semilunar cusps, under nodule.

nodus, pl .nodi (no′dus, -di) [TA]
SYN: node. [L. a knot] n. atrioventricularis [TA] SYN: atrioventricular node. n. buccinatorius SYN: buccal lymph node. n. sinuatrialis [TA] SYN: sinuatrial node. n. tibialis anterior [TA] SYN: anterior tibial lymph node.

nodus lymphaticus, pl .nodi lymphatici (no′dus lim′fat′e-kus, -no′di)
lymph node. [lympho- + L. nodus, node] nodi lymphatici colici SYN: colic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici comitantes nervi accessorii SYN: accessory lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici iliaci communes mediales medial common iliac lymph nodes. See common iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici iliaci externi laterales external iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici iliaci externi mediales external iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici pancreatici superiores superior pancreatic lymph nodes. See pancreatic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici paravesiculares See paravesical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici postcavales right lumbar lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici postvesiculares See paravesical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici prevesiculares See paravesical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphatici vesicales laterales See paravesical lymph nodes, under lymph node.

nodus lymphoideus, pl .nodi lymphoidei [TA]
SYN: lymph node. nodi lymphoidei abdominis [TA] SYN: abdominal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei accessorii [TA] SYN: accessory lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei anorectales SYN: pararectal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei appendiculares [TA] SYN: appendicular lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. arcus venae azygos SYN: lymph node of arch of azygos vein. nodi lymphoidei axillares [TA] SYN: axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares anteriores SYN: pectoral axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares apicales [TA] SYN: apical axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares centrales [TA] SYN: central axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares humerales [TA] SYN: humeral axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares laterales humeral axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares posteriores subscapular axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares subscapulares [TA] SYN: subscapular axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei axillares pectorales [TA] SYN: pectoral axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei brachiales SYN: humeral axillary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei brachiocephalici [TA] SYN: brachiocephalic lymph nodes. nodi lymphoidei bronchopulmonales [TA] SYN: bronchopulmonary lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. buccinatorius [TA] SYN: buccal lymph node. nodi lymphoidei capitis et colli [TA] SYN: lymph nodes of head and neck, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei centrales SYN: superior mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cervicales anteriores [TA] SYN: anterior cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cervicales anteriores profundi SYN: deep anterior cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cervicales anteriores superficiales [TA] SYN: anterior superficial cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cervicales laterales profundi [TA] SYN: deep lateral cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cervicales laterales superficiales [TA] SYN: superficial lateral cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei coeliaci [TA] SYN: celiac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei colici dextri [TA] SYN: right colic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei colici medii [TA] SYN: middle colic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei colici sinistri [TA] SYN: left colic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei cubitales [TA] SYN: cubital lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. cysticus [TA] SYN: cystic lymph node. nodi lymphoidei epigastrici inferiores [TA] SYN: inferior epigastric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei faciales [TA] SYN: facial lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. fibularis [TA] SYN: fibular lymph node. n. foraminalis [TA] SYN: lymph node of anterior border of omental foramen. nodi lymphoidei gastrici dextri [TA] SYN: right gastric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei gastrici sinistri [TA] SYN: left gastric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei gastroomentales dextri [TA] SYN: right gastroomental lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei gastroomentales sinistri [TA] SYN: left gastroomental lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei gluteales [TA] SYN: gluteal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei hepatici [TA] SYN: hepatic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei ileocolici [TA] SYN: ileocolic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei iliaci communes [TA] SYN: common iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei iliaci communes promontorii [TA] SYN: promontorial common iliac nodes, under node. nodi lymphoidei iliaci externi [TA] SYN: external iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei iliaci interni [TA] SYN: internal iliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei inguinales profundi SYN: deep inguinal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei inguinales superficiales [TA] SYN: superficial inguinal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei intercostales [TA] SYN: intercostal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei interiliaci [TA] SYN: interiliac lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei interpectorales [TA] SYN: interpectoral lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei intrapulmonales [TA] SYN: intrapulmonary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei jugulares anteriores SYN: anterior superficial cervical lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei jugulares laterales SYN: lateral jugular lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. jugulodigastricus [TA] SYN: jugulodigastric lymph node. n. juguloomohyoideus [TA] SYN: juguloomohyoid lymph node. nodi lymphoidei juxtaesophageales [TA] SYN: juxtaesophageal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei juxtaesophageales pulmonales SYN: juxtaesophageal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei juxtaintestinales [TA] SYN: juxta-intestinal mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. lacunaris intermedius [TA] SYN: intermediate lacunar lymph node. n. lacunaris lateralis [TA] SYN: lateral lacunar lymph node. n. lacunaris medialis [TA] SYN: medial lacunar lymph node. nodi lymphoidei lienales splenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. ligamenti arteriosi [TA] SYN: lymph node of ligamentum arteriosum. nodi lymphoidei linguales [TA] SYN: lingual lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei lumbales dextri [TA] SYN: right lumbar lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei lumbales intermedii [TA] SYN: intermediate lumbar lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei lumbales sinistri [TA] SYN: left lumbar lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei abdominis viscerales [TA] SYN: visceral lymph nodes of abdomen, under lymph node. n. malaris [TA] SYN: malar lymph node. n. mandibularis [TA] SYN: mandibular lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mastoidei [TA] SYN: mastoid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mediastinales anteriores SYN: brachiocephalic lymph nodes. nodi lymphoidei mediastinales posteriores SYN: prevertebral lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei membri inferioris [TA] SYN: lymph nodes of lower limb, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei membri superioris [TA] SYN: lymph nodes of upper limb, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mesenterici [TA] SYN: mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mesenterici inferiores [TA] SYN: inferior mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mesenterici superiores [TA] SYN: superior mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei mesocolici [TA] SYN: mesocolic lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. nasolabialis [TA] SYN: nasolabial lymph node. nodi lymphoidei obturatorii [TA] SYN: obturator lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei occipitales [TA] SYN: occipital lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pancreatici [TA] SYN: pancreatic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pancreaticoduodenales [TA] SYN: pancreaticoduodenal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pancreaticolienales SYN: pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pancreaticosplenales [TA] SYN: pancreaticosplenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei paracolici SYN: mesocolic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei paramammarii [TA] SYN: paramammary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pararectales [TA] SYN: pararectal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parasternales [TA] SYN: parasternal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei paratracheales [TA] SYN: paratracheal lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parauterini [TA] SYN: parauterine lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei paravaginales [TA] SYN: paravaginal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parietales [TA] SYN: parietal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parotidei intraglandulares [TA] SYN: intraglandular deep parotid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parotidei profundi [TA] SYN: deep parotid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parotidei profundi infra-auriculares SYN: infraauricular deep parotid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parotidei profundi preauriculares [TA] SYN: preauricular deep parotid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei parotidei superficiales [TA] SYN: superficial parotid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pelvis [TA] SYN: pelvic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pericardiales laterales [TA] SYN: lateral pericardial lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei phrenici inferiores [TA] SYN: inferior phrenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei phrenici superiores [TA] SYN: superior phrenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei popliteales [TA] SYN: popliteal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei precaecales [TA] SYN: prececal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei prelaryngeales [TA] SYN: prelaryngeal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei prepericardiaci [TA] SYN: prepericardial lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pretracheales [TA] SYN: pretracheal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei prevertebrales prevertebral lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei promontorii SYN: promontorial common iliac nodes, under node. n. proximalis profundus [TA] SYN: proximal deep inguinal lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pulmonales SYN: intrapulmonary lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei pylorici SYN: pyloric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei rectales superiores [TA] SYN: superior rectal lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. rectalis medius SYN: middle rectal lymph node. nodi lymphoidei retrocecales [TA] SYN: retrocecal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei retropharyngeales [TA] SYN: retropharyngeal lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei retropylorici [TA] SYN: retropyloric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei sacrales [TA] SYN: sacral lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei sigmoidei [TA] SYN: sigmoid lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei splenici [TA] SYN: splenic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei subaortici [TA] SYN: subaortic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei submandibulares [TA] SYN: submandibular lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei submentales [TA] SYN: submental lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei subpylorici [TA] SYN: subpyloric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei superiores centrales [TA] SYN: central superior mesenteric lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei supraclaviculares [TA] SYN: supraclavicular lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. suprapyloricus [TA] SYN: suprapyloric lymph node. nodi lymphoidei thoracis [TA] SYN: thoracic lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei thyroidei [TA] SYN: thyroid lymph nodes, under lymph node. n. tibialis posterior [TA] SYN: posterior tibial lymph node. nodi lymphoidei tracheobronchiales inferiores SYN: inferior tracheobronchial lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei tracheobronchiales superiores [TA] SYN: superior tracheobronchial lymph nodes, under lymph node. nodi lymphoidei viscerales [TA] SYN: visceral lymph nodes, under lymph node.

NOE
Abbreviation for nuclear Overhauser effect.

noematic (no-e-mat′ik)
Rarely used term relating to the mental processes. [G. noema, perception, a thought]

noesis (no-e′sis)
Cognition, especially through direct and self-evident knowledge. [G. n., thought, intelligence]

noetic (no-et′ik)
Relating to noesis.

noeud vital (noo ve-tal′)
A circumscript region in the lower part of the medulla oblongata, near the apex of the calamus scriptorius, interpreted by M. Flourens (1858) as a nerve center controlling respiration. SYN: vital knot, vital node. [Fr.]

Noguchia (no-goo′che-a)
A genus of aerobic to facultatively anaerobic, motile, peritrichous bacteria (family Brucellaceae) containing small, slender, Gram-negative, encapsulated rods. These organisms are present in the conjunctiva of humans and other animals affected by a follicular type of disease. The type species is N. granulosis. [Hideyo Noguchi, Japanese bacteriologist, 1876–1928] N. granulosis a bacterial species regarded by some as a cause of trachoma in humans; it produces a granular conjunctivitis in monkeys and apes; it is the type species of the genus N..

noise (noyz)
1. Unwanted sound, particularly complex sound that lacks a musical quality because the various frequencies of which it is composed are not whole or partial number multiples (harmonics) of each other. 2. Unwanted additions to a signal not arising at its source; e.g., the 60-cycle frequency wave in an electrocardiogram; largely eliminated from modern (post-1980) machines (includes visual n. on imaging studies). See signal-to-n. ratio. 3. Extraneous uncontrolled variables influencing the distibution of measurements in a set of data. [M.E., fr. O.Fr., fr. L.L. nausea, seasickness] structured n. in radiology, the signals from anatomic structures that interfere with the detection of significant pathology. white n. a complex sound consisting of many frequencies over a wide band of frequencies; often used for masking of hearing in the nontest ear in the measurement of hearing.

noma (no′ma)
A gangrenous stomatitis, usually beginning in the mucous membrane of the corner of the mouth or cheek, and then progressing fairly rapidly to involve the entire thickness of the lips or cheek (or both), with conspicuous necrosis and complete sloughing of tissue; usually observed in poorly nourished children and debilitated adults, especially in lower socioeconomic groups, and frequently preceded by another disease, e.g., kala azar, dysentery, or scarlet fever. A similar process (n. pudendi, n. vulvae) also may involve the labia majora. Several organisms are usually found in the necrotic material, but fusiform bacilli, Borrelia organisms, staphylococci, and anaerobic streptococci are most frequently observed. SYN: cancrum oris, stomatonecrosis, water canker. [G. nome, a spreading (sore)]

Nomarski
Georges, 20th century French optical inventor. See N. optics.

nomenclature (no′men-kla-choor, no-men′kla-choor)
A system of names as of anatomic structures, organisms, used in any science. [L. nomenclatura, a listing of names, fr. nomen, name, + calo, to proclaim] binary n., binomial n. SYN: linnaean system of n.. Cleland n. a n. for representing the binding mechanisms of enzyme-catalyzed reactions; in this n., substrates are represented by the letters A, B, C, etc., while products are represented by P, Q, R, etc., enzyme by E, and modified forms of the enzyme by F, G, etc.; in addition, the number of substrates or products is represented by uni, bi, ter, etc.; thus, an aminotransferase reaction ( e.g., alanine transaminase) has a ping-pong bi bi mechanism, and glutamine synthetase has been reported to have a random ter ter mechanism. See also entries under subentries under mechanism.

Nomenklatur Kommission (N.K.)
Committee on Nomenclature of the German Anatomical Society, appointed to revise or supplement the BNA (1895).

nomifensine maleate (no-mi-fen′sen)
An antidepressant.

Nomina Anatomica (NA) (nom′i-na an-a-tom′i-ka, no′mi-na an′a-to′mi-ka)
The modification of the Basle N. or BNA system of anatomic terminology adopted in 1955 by the International Congress of Anatomists in Paris, France. The International Anatomical Nomenclature Committee was responsible for continued revisions of the NA that had been reviewed and adopted by the International Congress of Anatomists meeting at five-year intervals from 1955 to 1985. NA was replaced by Terminologia Anatomica [TA] in 1998, produced by the Federative Committee on Anatomical Terminology.

nomogram (nom′o-gram)
A form of line chart showing scales for the variables involved in a particular formula in such a way that corresponding values for each variable lie in a straight line intersecting all the scales. SYN: nomograph (2) . [G. nomos, law, + gramma, something written] blood volume n. a n. used to predict blood volume on the basis of the individual's weight and height. cartesian n. a n. based on rectangular coordinates, representing two variables, on which a family of isopleths is superimposed for each of the additional variables involved. [from R. Descartes, French philosopher and mathematician, 1596–1650] d'Ocagne n. an alignment chart consisting of an arrangement of three or more graduated lines (straight or curved), each constituting a scale of values of a variable, constructed so that any straight line crossing these scales connects the simultaneously compatible values; from values for any two variables, the values of all other variables can be determined. Radford n. a n. used to predict necessary tidal volume for artificial respiration on the basis of respiratory rate, body weight, and sex; correction factors are supplied for activity, fever, altitude, metabolic acidosis, and alterations in dead space. Siggaard-Andersen n. a n. used to predict acid-base composition of blood by the slope and position of a buffer line constructed when PCO2 on a logarithmic scale is plotted against pH.

nomograph (nom′o-graf)
1. A graph consisting of three coplanar curves, usually parallel, each graduated for a different variable so that a straight line cutting all three curves intersects the related values of each variable. 2. SYN: nomogram. [G. nomos, law, + grapho, to write]

nomothetic (nom-o-thet′ik)
Denoting the generalizations pertaining to the behavior of groups of individuals as groups, as opposed to idiographic. [G. nomos, law, + thesis, a placing]

nomotopic (no-mo-top′ik)
Relating to, or occurring at, the usual or normal place. [G. nomos, law, custom, + topos, place]

nonallele (non-a-lel′)
Used of genes that are not competitors at the same locus; how independently they will behave depends on whether their loci are linked. At least when first formed (for instance, as a result of unequal crossing-over), two nonalleles may be identical.

nonan (no′nan)
Occurring on the ninth day. [L. nonus, ninth]

n-nonanoic acid (non-a-no′ik)
SYN: pelargonic acid.

nonapeptide (non-a-pep′tid)
An oligopeptide containing nine amino acid residues ( E.G., oxytocin).

nonbursate (non-ber′sat)
Denoting a nontaxonomic division of Nematoda embracing those in which the male copulatory bursa is only a skin fold containing no fleshy ribs, as seen in hookworms and other bursate nematodes. [L. non, not, + Mediev. L. bursa, purse]

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