Medical Dictionary

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pharyngectomy (far′in-jek′to-me)
Resection of the pharynx. [pharyng- + G. ektome, excision]

pharyngei (far-in′je-i)
SYN: pharyngeal branches, under branch.

pharynges (fa-rin′jez)
Plural of pharynx.

pharyngeus (far′in-je′us)
SYN: pharyngeal. [Mod. L.]

pharyngismus (far-in-jiz′mus)
Spasm of the muscles of the pharynx. SYN: pharyngospasm.

pharyngitic (far-in-jit′ik)
Relating to pharyngitis.

pharyngitis (far-in-ji′tis)
Inflammation of the mucous membrane and underlying parts of the pharynx. [pharyng- + G. -itis, inflammation] atrophic p. chronic p. accompanied by a varying degree of atrophy of the mucous glands and absence of their secretion. SYN: p. sicca. gangrenous p. gangrenous inflammation of the pharyngeal mucous membrane. membranous p. inflammation accompanied by a fibrinous exudate, forming a nondiphtheritic false membrane. p. sicca SYN: atrophic p.. ulcerative p. inflammation of the pharynx marked by ulceration of the mucosa; may have a viral etiology. ulceromembranous p. inflammation of the pharyngeal mucosa with membranous debris overlying the ulcerative lesions.

pharyngo-, pharyng-
The pharynx. [Mod. L. fr. G. pharynx]

pharyngocele (fa-ring′go-sel)
A diverticulum from the pharynx. [pharyngo- + G. kele, hernia]

pharyngoepiglottic, pharyngoepiglottidean (fa-ring′go-ep′i-glot′ik, -glo-tid′e-an)
Relating to the pharynx and the epiglottis.

pharyngoesophageal (fa-ring′go-e-sof′a-je′al)
Relating to the pharynx and the esophagus.

pharyngoesophagoplasty (fa-ring′go-e-sof′a-go-plas-te)
Plastic surgery of the pharynx and esophagus. [pharyngo- + esophago- + G. plastos, formed]

pharyngoglossal (fa-ring′go-glos′al)
Relating to the pharynx and the tongue.

pharyngoglossus (fa-ring-go-glos′us)
See superior pharyngeal constrictor (muscle).

pharyngolaryngeal (fa-ring′go-la-rin′je-al)
Relating to both the pharynx and the larynx.

pharyngolaryngitis (fa-ring′go-lar-in-ji′tis)
Inflammation of both the pharynx and the larynx.

pharyngolith (fa-ring′go-lith)
A concretion in the pharynx. SYN: pharyngeal calculus. [pharyngo- + G. lithos, stone]

pharyngomaxillary (fa-ring′go-mak′si-lar-e)
Relating to the pharynx and the maxilla.

pharyngonasal (fa-ring′go-na′sal)
Relating to the pharynx and the nasal cavity.

pharyngo-oral (fa-ring′go-o′ral)
Relating to the pharynx and the mouth; oropharyngeal. [pharyngo- + L. os (or-), mouth]

pharyngopalatine (fa-ring′go-pal′a-tin)
Relating to the pharynx and the palate.

pharyngopalatinus (fa-ring′go-pal-a-ti′nus)
SYN: palatopharyngeus (muscle). [L.]

pharyngoplasty (fa-ring′go-plas-te)
Plastic surgery of the pharynx, a procedure designed to correct velopharyngeal dysfunction. [pharyngo- + G. plastos, formed]

pharyngoplegia (fa-ring′go-ple′je-a)
Paralysis of the muscles of the pharynx. [pharyngo- + G. plege, stroke]

pharyngorhinoscopy (fa-ring′go-ri-nos′ko-pe)
Inspection of the nasopharynx and posterior nares by means of the rhinoscopic mirror. [pharyngo- + G. rhis, nose, + skopeo, to view]

pharyngoscope (fa-ring′go-skop)
An instrument like a laryngoscope, used for inspection of the pharynx. [pharyngo- + G. skopeo, to view]

pharyngoscopy (far′ing-gos′ko-pe)
Inspection and examination of the pharynx. [pharyngo- + G. skopeo, to view]

pharyngospasm (fa-ring′go-spazm)
SYN: pharyngismus.

pharyngostaphylinus (fa-ring′go-staf-i-li′nus)
SYN: palatopharyngeus (muscle). [L. fr. pharyngo- + G. staphyle, uvula]

pharyngostenosis (fa-ring′go-ste-no′sis)
Stricture of the pharynx. [pharyngo- + G. stenosis, a narrowing]

pharyngotomy (far′ing-got′o-me)
Any cutting operation upon the pharynx either from without or from within. [pharyngo- + G. tome, incision]

pharyngotonsillitis (fa-ring′go-ton-si-li′tis)
Inflammation of the pharynx and tonsils. [pharyngo- + tonsillitis]

pharynx, gen. pharyngis, pl .pharynges (far′ingks, fa-rin′jis, fa-rin′jez) [TA]
The upper expanded portion of the digestive tube, between the esophagus below and the mouth and nasal cavities above and in front; it is distinct from the rest of the digestive tube in that it is composed exclusively of skeletal (voluntary) muscle arranged in outer circular and inner longitudinal layers. [Mod. L. fr. G. p. (pharyng-), the throat, the joint opening of the gullet and windpipe] laryngeal p. SYN: laryngopharynx. nasal p. SYN: nasopharynx. oral p. SYN: oropharynx.

phase (faz)
1. A stage in the course of change or development. 2. A homogeneous, physically distinct, and separable portion of a heterogeneous system; e.g., oil, gum, and water are three phases of an emulsion. 3. The time relationship between two or more events. 4. A particular part of a recurring time pattern or wave form. SEE ALSO: stage, period. [G. phasis, an appearance] anal p. in psychoanalytic personality theory, the stage of psychosexual development, occurring when a child is between 1 and 3 years of age, during which activities, interests, and concerns are centered around the anal zone. aqueous p. the water portion of a system consisting of two liquid phases, one mainly water, the other a liquid immiscible with water ( e.g., benzene, ether). cis p. coupling p.. continuous p. SYN: external p.. coupling p. the physical relationship of two syntenic genes. If they are on the same chromosome, they are said to be “in coupling” or “in the cis p.”; if on opposite members of a chromosome pair, “in repulsion” or “in the trans p..” discontinuous p. SYN: internal p.. dispersed p. SYN: internal p.. dispersion p. SYN: external p.. eclipse p. SYN: eclipse period. p. encoding in magnetic resonance imaging, the technique of inducing a gradient in the magnetic field in the x or y axis to induce p. differences with location. SYN: gradient encoding. eruptive p. that period in the tooth formation that includes the development of the roots, periodontal ligament, and dentogingival junction of the tooth. external p. the medium or fluid in which a disperse is suspended. SYN: continuous p., dispersion medium, dispersion p., external medium. gap1 p. SYN: gap1 period. gap2 p. SYN: gap2 period. gap0 p. SYN: gap0 period. genital p. in psychoanalytic personality theory, the final stage of psychosexual development, occurring during puberty, in which the individual's psychosexual development is so organized that sexual gratification can be achieved from genital-to-genital contact and the capacity exists for a mature affectionate relationship with an individual of the opposite sex. See phallic p.. horizontal growth p. an early stage of development of cutaneous melanoma by intraepidermal spread of atypical melanocytes. internal p. the particles contained in a colloid solution. SYN: discontinuous p., dispersed p.. lag p. a brief period in the course of the growth of a bacterial culture, especially at the beginning, during which the growth is very slow or scarcely appreciable. latency p. in psychoanalytic personality theory, the period of psychosexual development in children, extending from about age 5 to the beginning of adolescence at age 12, during which the apparent cessation of sexual preoccupation stems from a strong, aggressive blockade of libidinal and sexual impulses in an effort to avoid oedipal relationships; during this p., boys and girls are inclined to choose friends and join groups of their own sex. SYN: latency period. logarithmic p. exponential, a period in the course of growth of a bacterial culture in which maximal multiplication is occurring by geometrical progression; thus, if the logarithms of their numbers are plotted against time, they will form a straight upward line. luteal p. that portion of the menstrual cycle extending from the time of formation of the corpus luteum to the onset of menses, usually 14 days long; short luteal p., a period of 10 days or fewer between ovulation and the onset of menses, frequently associated with infertility. M p. SYN: mitotic period. meiotic p. the stage of nuclear changes in the sexual cells during which reduction of the chromosomes takes place; it embraces the cell generations of the spermatocytes and oocytes. SYN: reduction p.. negative p. the period during which the opsonic index is lowered following the injection of a vaccine. oedipal p. in psychoanalysis, a stage in the psychosexual development of the child, characterized by erotic attachment to the parent of the opposite sex, repressed because of fear of the parent of the same sex; usually occurring between the ages of 3 and 6 years. SYN: oedipal period. oral p. in psychoanalytic personality theory, the earliest stage in psychosexual development, lasting through the first 18 months of life, during which the oral zone is the center of the infant's needs, expression, gratification, and pleasurable erotic experiences; has a strong influence on the organization and development of the child's psyche. phallic p. in psychoanalytic personality theory, the stage in psychosexual development, occurring when a child is between 2 and 6 years of age, during which interest, curiosity, and pleasurable experiences are centered around the penis in boys and the clitoris in girls. See genital p.. positive p. the period following the negative p., during which the opsonic index rises. postmeiotic p. the stage following that of reduction of the chromosomes in the sexual cells, representing the mature forms of these cells, ending with the conjugation of the nuclei in the impregnated ovum. SYN: postreduction p.. postmitotic p. SYN: gap1 period. postreduction p. SYN: postmeiotic p.. poststationary p. the period in the growth of a bacterial culture in which growth is declining. pregenital p. in psychoanalysis, the collective psychosexual development phases preceding the genital p.. premeiotic p. the stage of nuclear changes in the sexual cells before the reduction of the chromosomes, embracing the cell generations up to that of the spermatogonia and oogonia. SYN: prereduction p.. premitotic p. SYN: gap2 period. pre-oedipal p. in psychoanalysis, the collective phases of psychosexual development preceding the oedipal p.. prereduction p. SYN: premeiotic p.. radial growth p. the early pattern of growth of cutaneous malignant melanoma, in which tumor cells spread laterally in the epidermis. reduction p. SYN: meiotic p.. S p. SYN: synthesis period. stationary p. 1. the period in the course of growth of a bacterial culture during which the multiplication of the organisms becomes gradually less and the bacteria undergoing division are in equilibrium with those dying; 2. referring to the usually solid, nonmobile component in partition chromatography. supernormal recovery p. a brief period during the recovery of cardiac muscle following excitation when diseased muscle is more ( i.e., less abnormally) excitable; corresponds to the end of the T wave in the ECG. synaptic p. SYN: synapsis. trans p. coupling p.. vertical growth p. spread of melanoma cells from the epidermis into the dermis and later the subcutis, from which site metastasis may take place. vulnerable p. a period in the cardiac cycle during which an ectopic impulse may lead to repetitive activity such as flutter or fibrillation of the affected chamber.

phasmid (faz′mid)
1. One of a pair of caudal chemoreceptors seen in nematodes of the class Secernentasida (Phasmidia). 2. Common name for a member of the class Phasmidia, now Secernentasida.

Phasmidia (faz-mid′e-a)
SYN: Secernentasida. [G. phasma, appearance]

phasmophobia (fas-mo-fo′be-a)
Morbid fear of ghosts. [G. phasma, apparition, + phobos, fear]

phatnorrhagia (fat-no-ra′je-a)
Hemorrhage from a dental alveolus. [G. phatnoma, manger (alveolus), + G. rhegnymi, to burst forth]

Ph.D.
Abbreviation for Doctor of Philosophy.

Phe
Symbol for phenylalanine or phenylalanyl.

Phemister
Dallas B., American surgeon, 1882–1951.

phen-, pheno-
1. Combining form denoting appearance. 2. In chemistry, combining form denoting derivation from benzene (phenyl-). [fr. G. phaino, to appear, show forth]

phenacaine hydrochloride (fen′a-kan)
A potent local surface anesthetic used in ophthalmology.

phenacemide (fe-nas′e-mid)
An anticonvulsant used in the treatment of epilepsy. SYN: phenylacetylurea.

phenacetin (APC) (fe-nas′e-tin)
An analgesic and antipyretic; the “P” in APC, an analgesic combination also containing aspirin and caffeine; biotransformed to acetaminophen. SYN: acetophenetidin.

phenacetolin (fen′a-set′o-lin)
A red powder, (C16H12)2; used as an indicator. It has a pH range of 5 to 6, being yellow at 5 and red at 6.

phenaceturic acid (fe-nas-e-toor′ik)
An end product of the metabolism of phenylated fatty acids with even numbers of carbon atoms. SYN: phenylaceturic acid.

phenacridane chloride (fe-nas′ri-dan)
Topical antiseptic.

phenacyclamine (fen-a-si′kla-men)
SYN: phenetamine.

phenaglycodol (fen-a-gli′ko-dol)
A central nervous system depressant used in the treatment of anxiety and simple neuroses.

phenanthrene (fe-nan′thren)
A compound isomeric with anthracene, derived from coal tar; a major component of steroids, as cyclopenta[α]p.. Used as a basis for the synthesis of various dyes and drugs.

phenarsenamine (fen-ar-sen-am′en)
SYN: arsphenamine.

phenarsone sulfoxylate (fen-ar′son sul-fok′si-lat)
A pentavalent arsenical used in trichomonal vaginitis.

phenate (fe′nat)
A salt or ester of phenol (carbolic acid). SYN: carbolate (1) .

phenazocine (fen-a′zo-sen)
A potent analgesic when given intramuscularly or intravenously, less effective orally.

phenazoline hydrochloride (fen-az′o-len)
SYN: antazoline hydrochloride.

phenazopyridine hydrochloride (fen-a-zo-per′i-den)
An orally administered urinary tract analgesic.

phencyclidine (PCP) (fen-si′kli-den)
A substance of abuse, used for its hallucinogenic properties, which can produce profound psychologic and behavioral disturbances; the hydrochloride has analgesic and anesthetic properties.

phendimetrazine tartrate (fen-di-met′ra-zen)
An anorexic agent.

phenelzine sulfate (fen′el-zen)
A monoamine oxidase inhibitor used as an antidepressant.

phenetamine (fe-net′a-men)
An intestinal antispasmodic. SYN: phenacyclamine.

phenethicillin potassium (fe-neth-i-sil′in)
A penicillin preparation that is stable in gastric acid and is rapidly but only partially absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. SYN: α-phenoxyethylpenicillin potassium, penicillin B.

phenethyl alcohol (fe-neth′il)
SYN: phenylethyl alcohol.

phenetsal (fe-net′sal)
SYN: acetaminosalol.

pheneturide (fe-net′u-rid)
An antiepileptic similar in action to phenacemide.

phenformin hydrochloride (fen-for′min)
An oral hypoglycemic agent no longer used in the U.S. because of the high incidence of fatal lactic acidosis associated with its use. Metformin, a chemically related agent, is presently in use.

phenglutarimide hydrochloride (fen-gloo-tar′i-mid)
The hydrochloride of α-2-diethylaminoethyl-α-phenylglutarimide; an antihistaminic used to decrease or prevent motion sickness, and to control Ménière disease and vomiting.

phengophobia (fen-go-fo′be-a)
Morbid fear of daylight. [G. phengos, daylight, + phobos, fear]

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