Railroads: 378 km operable on Luzon, 34% government owned (1982)

Highways: 156,000 km total (1984); 29,000 km paved; 77,000 km gravel, crushed-stone, or stabilized-soil surface; 50,000 km unimproved earth

Inland waterways: 3,219 km; limited to shallow-draft (less than 1.5 m) vessels

Pipelines: refined products, 357 km

Ports: Cagayan de Oro, Cebu, Davao, Guimaras, Iloilo, Legaspi, Manila, Subic Bay

Merchant marine: 585 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 8,998,752 GRT/14,963,208 DWT; includes 2 passenger, 8 short-sea passenger, 16 passenger-cargo, 181 cargo, 13 refrigerated cargo, 23 vehicle carrier, 8 livestock carrier, 10 roll-on/roll-off cargo, 6 container, 36 petroleum, oils, and lubricants (POL) tanker, 2 chemical tanker, 5 liquefied gas, 2 combination, 1 barge, 268 bulk, 4 combination bulk

Civil air: 53 major transport aircraft

Airports: 311 total, 258 usable; 71 with permanent-surface runways; 9 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 49 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

Telecommunications: good international radio and submarine cable services; domestic and interisland service adequate; 872,900 telephones; stations--267 AM (including 6 US), 55 FM, 33 TV (including 4 US); submarine cables extended to Hong Kong, Guam, Singapore, Taiwan, and Japan; 1 international satellite ground station; 11 domestic satellite stations

NOTE: The information regarding Philippines on this page is re-published from the 1989 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Philippines Communications 1989 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Philippines Communications 1989 should be addressed to the CIA.