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![]() ![]() Zambia Economy - 1990 https://theodora.com/wfb1990/zambia/zambia_economy.html SOURCE: 1990 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK Overview: Despite temporary growth in 1988, the economy has been in decline for more than a decade with falling imports and growing foreign debt. Economic difficulties stem from a sustained drop in copper production and ineffective economic policies. In 1988 real GDP stood only slightly higher than that of 10 years before, while an annual population growth of more than 3% has brought a decline in per capita GDP of 25% during the same period. A high inflation rate has also added to Zambia's economic woes in recent years. GDP: $4.0 billion, per capita $530; real growth rate 6.7% (1988) Inflation rate (consumer prices): 55.7% (1988) Unemployment rate: NA% Budget: revenues $570 million; expenditures $939 million, including capital expenditures of $36 million (1988 est.) Exports: $1,184 million (f.o.b., 1988); commodities--copper, zinc, cobalt, lead, tobacco; partners--EC, Japan, South Africa, US Imports: $687 million (c.i.f., 1988); commodities--machinery, transportation equipment, foodstuffs, fuels, manufactures; partners--EC, Japan, South Africa, US External debt: $6.9 billion (December 1989) Industrial production: growth rate NA% (1986) Electricity: 1,900,000 kW capacity; 8,245 million kWh produced, 1,050 kWh per capita (1989) Industries: copper mining and processing, transport, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, and fertilizer Agriculture: accounts for 15% of GDP and 85% of labor force; crops--corn (food staple), sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava; cattle, goats, beef, eggs produced; marginally self-sufficient in corn Aid: US commitments, including Ex-Im (1970-88), $466 million; Western (non-US) countries, ODA and OOF bilateral commitments (1970-87), $4.2 billion; OPEC bilateral aid (1979-89), $60 million; Communist countries (1970-88), $533 million Currency: Zambian kwacha (plural--kwacha); 1 Zambian kwacha (ZK) = 100 ngwee Exchange rates: Zambian kwacha (ZK) per US$1--21.7865 (January 1990), 12.9032 (1989), 8.2237 (1988), 8.8889 (1987), 7.3046 (1986), 2.7137 (1985) Fiscal year: calendar year
NOTE: The information regarding Zambia on this page is re-published from the 1990 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Zambia Economy 1990 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Zambia Economy 1990 should be addressed to the CIA. |
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