Population: 5,122,467 (July 1991), growth rate 2.1% (1991)

Birth rate: 42 births/1,000 population (1991)

Death rate: 22 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

Net migration rate: NEGL migrants/1,000 population (1991)

Infant mortality rate: 134 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

Life expectancy at birth: 39 years male, 41 years female (1991)

Total fertility rate: 5.3 children born/woman (1991)

Nationality: noun--Chadian(s); adjective--Chadian

Ethnic divisions: some 200 distinct ethnic groups, most of whom are Muslims (Arabs, Toubou, Hadjerai, Fulbe, Kotoko, Kanembou, Baguirmi, Boulala, Zaghawa, and Maba) in the north and center and non-Muslims (Sara, Ngambaye, Mbaye, Goulaye, Moundang, Moussei, Massa) in the south; some 150,000 nonindigenous, of whom 1,000 are French

Religion: Muslim 44%, Christian 33%, indigenous beliefs, animism 23%

Language: French and Arabic (official); Sara and Sango in south; more than 100 different languages and dialects are spoken

Literacy: 30% (male 42%, female 18%) age 15 and over can read and write French or Arabic (1990 est.)

Labor force: NA; agriculture (engaged in unpaid subsistence farming, herding, and fishing) 85%

Organized labor: about 20% of wage labor force

NOTE: The information regarding Chad on this page is re-published from the 1991 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Chad People 1991 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Chad People 1991 should be addressed to the CIA.