Population: 37,799,638 (July 1991), growth rate 0.1% (1991)

Birth rate: 14 births/1,000 population (1991)

Death rate: 9 deaths/1,000 population (1991)

Net migration rate: - 4 migrants/1,000 population (1991)

Infant mortality rate: 12 deaths/1,000 live births (1991)

Life expectancy at birth: 69 years male, 77 years female (1991)

Total fertility rate: 2.1 children born/woman (1991)

Nationality: noun--Pole(s); adjective--Polish

Ethnic divisions: Polish 97.6%, German 1.3%, Ukrainian 0.6%, Belorussian (Byelorussian) 0.5% (1990 est.)

Religion: Roman Catholic 95% (about 75% practicing), Russian Orthodox, Protestant, and other 5%

Language: Polish

Literacy: 98% (male 99%, female 98%) age 15 and over can read and write (1978)

Labor force: 17,104,000; industry and construction 36.1%; agriculture 27.3%; trade, transport, and communications 14.8%; government and other 21.8% (1989)

Organized labor: trade union pluralism

NOTE: The information regarding Poland on this page is re-published from the 1991 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Poland People 1991 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Poland People 1991 should be addressed to the CIA.