Disputes - international:
none
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
refugees (country of origin):
49,179 (Syria), 33,103 (Afghanistan), 11,301 (Russia), 8,295 (Iraq), 5,772 (Iran) (2018)
stateless persons:
1,062 (2018)
Illicit drugs:
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; increasing consumption of European-produced synthetic drugs