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Algeria Geography 1996

Location:

Northern Africa, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Morocco and Tunisia

Map references:

Africa

Area:

total area:

2,381,740 sq km

land area:

2,381,740 sq km

comparative area:

slightly less than 3.5 times the size of Texas

Land boundaries:

total 6,343 km, Libya 982 km, Mali 1,376 km, Mauritania 463 km, Morocco 1,559 km, Niger 956 km, Tunisia 965 km, Western Sahara 42 km

Coastline:

998 km

Maritime claims:

exclusive fishing zone:

32-52 nm

territorial sea:

12 nm

International disputes:

Libya claims part of southeastern Algeria; land boundary dispute with Tunisia settled in 1993

Climate:

arid to semiarid; mild, wet winters with hot, dry summers along coast; drier with cold winters and hot summers on high plateau; sirocco is a hot, dust/sand-laden wind especially common in summer

Terrain:

mostly high plateau and desert; some mountains; narrow, discontinuous coastal plain

Natural resources:

petroleum, natural gas, iron ore, phosphates, uranium, lead, zinc

Land use:

arable land:

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

13%

forest and woodland:

other:

82%

Irrigated land:

3,360 sq km (1989 est.)

Environment:

current issues:

soil erosion from overgrazing and other poor farming practices; desertification; dumping of raw sewage, petroleum refining wastes, and other industrial effluents is leading to the pollution of rivers and coastal waters; Mediterranean Sea, in particular, becoming polluted from oil wastes, soil erosion, and fertilizer runoff; inadequate supplies of potable water

natural hazards:

mountainous areas subject to severe earthquakes; mudslides

international agreements:

party to - Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Desertification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban

Note:

second-largest country in Africa (after Sudan)

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