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Brazil Government 1996
Federative Republic of Brazil
Republica Federativa do Brasil
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Administrative divisions:
26 states (estados, singular - estado) and 1 federal district* (distrito
federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal*,
Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas
Gerais, Para, Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande
do Norte, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo,
Sergipe, Tocantins
7 September 1822 (from Portugal)
Independence Day, 7 September (1822)
based on Roman codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
voluntary between 16 and 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory over 18 and
under 70 years of age
chief of state and head of government:
President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO (since 1 January 1995) election last
held 3 October 1994; next to be held October 1998); results - Fernando
Henrique CARDOSO 53%, Luis Inacio LULA da Silva 26%, Eneas CARNEIRO 7%,
Orestes QUERCIA 4%, Leonel BRIZOLA 3%, Espiridiao AMIN 3%; note - second
free, direct presidential election since 1960
Cabinet; appointed by the president
bicameral National Congress (Congresso Nacional)
Federal Senate (Senado Federal):
election last held 3 October 1994 for two-thirds of Senate (next to be held
October 1996 for one-third of the Senate); results - PMBD 28%, PFL 22%, PSDB
12%, PPR 7%, PDT 7%, PT 6%, PTB 6%, other 12%
Chamber of Deputies (Camara dos Deputados):
election last held 3 October 1994 (next to be held October 1998); results -
PMDB 21%, PFL 18%, PDT 7%, PSDB 12%, PPR 10%, PTB 6%, PT 10%, other 16%
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Political parties and leaders:
National Reconstruction Party (PRN), Daniel TOURINHO, president; Brazilian
Democratic Movement Party (PMDB), Luiz HENRIQUE da Silveira, president;
Liberal Front Party (PFL), Jorge BORNHAUSEN, president; Workers' Party (PT),
Rui Goethe da Costa FALCAO, president; Brazilian Workers' Party (PTB), Jose
Eduardo ANDRADE VIEIRA, president; Democratic Workers' Party (PDT), Anthony
GAROTINHO, president; Progressive Renewal Party (PPR), Espiridiao AMIN,
president; Brazilian Social Democracy Party (PSDB), Artur DA TAVOLA,
president; Popular Socialist Party (PPS), Roberto FREIRE, president;
Communist Party of Brazil (PCdoB), Joao AMAZONAS, secretary general; Liberal
Party (PL), Alvero VALLE, president
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Other political or pressure groups:
left wing of the Catholic Church and labor unions allied to leftist Workers'
Party are critical of government's social and economic policies
AfDB, AG (observer), CCC, ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, GATT,
IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF,
IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAES,
LAIA, MERCOSUR, NAM (observer), OAS, ONUSAL, OPANAL, PCA, RG, UN, UNAVEM II,
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNOMOZ, UNOMUR, UNPROFOR, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU,
WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
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Diplomatic representation in US:
Ambassador Paulo Tarso FLECHA de LIMA
3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, Miami, New York, San Juan (Puerto Rico), and
San Francisco
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US diplomatic representation:
Ambassador Melvyn LEVITSKY
Avenida das Nacoes, Lote 3, Brasilia, Distrito Federal
Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo
green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial
globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal
District) arranged in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the
globe has a white equatorial band with the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order
and Progress)
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