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Ecuador Geography 1996


    • Location:
      Western South America, bordering the Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between Colombia and Peru

    • Map references:
      South America

    • Area:

        total area:
        283,560 sq km

        land area:
        276,840 sq km

        comparative area:
        slightly smaller than Nevada

        note:
        includes Galapagos Islands

    • Land boundaries:
      total 2,010 km, Colombia 590 km, Peru 1,420 km

    • Coastline:
      2,237 km

    • Maritime claims:

        continental shelf:
        claims continental shelf between mainland and Galapagos Islands

        territorial sea:
        200 nm

    • International disputes:
      three sections of the boundary with Peru are in dispute

    • Climate:
      tropical along coast becoming cooler inland

    • Terrain:
      coastal plain (costa), inter-Andean central highlands (sierra), and flat to rolling eastern jungle (oriente)

    • Natural resources:
      petroleum, fish, timber

    • Land use:

        arable land:
        6%

        permanent crops:
        3%

        meadows and pastures:
        17%

        forest and woodland:
        51%

        other:
        23%

    • Irrigated land:
      5,500 sq km (1989 est.)

    • Environment:

        current issues:
        deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; water pollution

        natural hazards:
        frequent earthquakes, landslides, volcanic activity; periodic droughts

        international agreements:
        party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Tropical Timber 94

    • Note:
      Cotopaxi in Andes is highest active volcano in world






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