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Iceland Geography 1996

Location:

Northern Europe, island between the Greenland Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northwest of the UK

Map references:

Arctic Region

Area:

total area:

103,000 sq km

land area:

100,250 sq km

comparative area:

slightly smaller than Kentucky

Land boundaries:

0 km

Coastline:

4,988 km

Maritime claims:

continental shelf:

200 nm or to the edge of the continental margin

exclusive economic zone:

200 nm

territorial sea:

12 nm

International disputes:

Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark, Ireland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary agreement in the Rockall area)

Climate:

temperate; moderated by North Atlantic Current; mild, windy winters; damp, cool summers

Terrain:

mostly plateau interspersed with mountain peaks, icefields; coast deeply indented by bays and fiords

Natural resources:

fish, hydropower, geothermal power, diatomite

Land use:

arable land:

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

20%

forest and woodland:

other:

78%

Irrigated land:

NA sq km

Environment:

current issues:

water pollution from fertilizer runoff; inadequate wastewater treatment

natural hazards:

earthquakes and volcanic activity

international agreements:

party to - Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation

Note:

strategic location between Greenland and Europe; westernmost European country; more land covered by glaciers than in all of continental Europe

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