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Kazakhstan Geography 1996

    • Location:
      Central Asia, northwest of China

    • Map references:
      Commonwealth of Independent States - Central Asian States

    • Area:

        total area:
        2,717,300 sq km

        land area:
        2,669,800 sq km

        comparative area:
        slightly less than four times the size of Texas

    • Land boundaries:
      total 12,012 km, China 1,533 km, Kyrgyzstan 1,051 km, Russia 6,846 km, Turkmenistan 379 km, Uzbekistan 2,203 km

    • Coastline:
      0 km (landlocked)

        note:
        Kazakhstan borders the Aral Sea (1,015 km) and the Caspian Sea (1,894 km)

    • Maritime claims:
      none; landlocked

    • International disputes:
      Caspian Sea boundaries are not yet determined

    • Climate:
      continental, cold winters and hot summers, arid and semiarid

    • Terrain:
      extends from the Volga to the Altai Mountains and from the plains in western Siberia to oasis and desert in Central Asia

    • Natural resources:
      major deposits of petroleum, coal, iron ore, manganese, chrome ore, nickel, cobalt, copper, molybdenum, lead, zinc, bauxite, gold, uranium

    • Land use:

        arable land:
        15%

        permanent crops:
        NEGL%

        meadows and pastures:
        57%

        forest and woodland:
        4%

        other:
        24%

    • Irrigated land:
      23,080 sq km (1990)

    • Environment:

        current issues:
        radioactive or toxic chemical sites associated with its former defense industries and test ranges are found throughout the country and pose health risks for humans and animals; industrial pollution is severe in some cities; because the two main rivers which flowed into the Aral Sea have been diverted for irrigation, it is drying up and leaving behind a harmful layer of chemical pesticides and natural salts; these substances are then picked up by the wind and blown into noxious dust storms; pollution in the Caspian Sea; soil pollution from overuse of agricultural chemicals and salinization from faulty irrigation practices

        natural hazards:
        NA

        international agreements:
        party to - Biodiversity, Ship Pollution; signed, but not ratified - Climate Change, Desertification

    • Note:
      landlocked






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