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Mongolia Geography 1996

Location:

Northern Asia, north of China

Map references:

Asia

Area:

total area:

1.565 million sq km

land area:

1.565 million sq km

comparative area:

slightly larger than Alaska

Land boundaries:

total 8,114 km, China 4,673 km, Russia 3,441 km

Coastline:

0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims:

none; landlocked

International disputes:

none

Climate:

desert; continental (large daily and seasonal temperature ranges)

Terrain:

vast semidesert and desert plains; mountains in west and southwest; Gobi Desert in southeast

Natural resources:

oil, coal, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, phosphates, tin, nickel, zinc, wolfram, fluorspar, gold

Land use:

arable land:

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

79%

forest and woodland:

10%

other:

10%

Irrigated land:

770 sq km (1989)

Environment:

current issues:

limited natural fresh water resources; policies of the former communist regime promoting rapid urbanization and industrial growth have raised concerns about their negative effects on the environment; the burning of soft coal and the concentration of factories in Ulaanbaatar have severely polluted the air; deforestation, overgrazing, the converting of virgin land to agricultural production have increased soil erosion from wind and rain; desertification

natural hazards:

duststorms can occur in the spring

international agreements:

party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Environmental Modification, Nuclear Test Ban; signed, but not ratified - Desertification, Law of the Sea

Note:

landlocked; strategic location between China and Russia

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