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Nepal Geography 1996

Location:

Southern Asia, between China and India

Map references:

Asia

Area:

total area:

140,800 sq km

land area:

136,800 sq km

comparative area:

slightly larger than Arkansas

Land boundaries:

total 2,926 km, China 1,236 km, India 1,690 km

Coastline:

0 km (landlocked)

Maritime claims:

none; landlocked

International disputes:

none

Climate:

varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south

Terrain:

Terai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north

Natural resources:

quartz, water, timber, hydroelectric potential, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore

Land use:

arable land:

17%

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

13%

forest and woodland:

33%

other:

37%

Irrigated land:

9,430 sq km (1989)

Environment:

current issues:

the almost total dependence on wood for fuel and cutting down trees to expand agricultural land without replanting has resulted in widespread deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution (use of contaminated water presents human health risks)

natural hazards:

severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons

international agreements:

party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation

Note:

landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks

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