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Uruguay Geography 1996

Location:

Southern South America, bordering the South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina and Brazil

Map references:

South America

Area:

total area:

176,220 sq km

land area:

173,620 sq km

comparative area:

slightly smaller than Washington State

Land boundaries:

total 1,564 km, Argentina 579 km, Brazil 985 km

Coastline:

660 km

Maritime claims:

continental shelf:

200-m depth or to the depth of exploitation

territorial sea:

200 nm; overflight and navigation guaranteed beyond 12 nm

International disputes:

short section of boundary with Argentina is in dispute; two short sections of the boundary with Brazil are in dispute - Arroyo de la Invernada (Arroio Invernada) area of the Rio Cuareim (Rio Quarai) and the islands at the confluence of the Rio Cuareim (Rio Quarai) and the Uruguay River

Climate:

warm temperate; freezing temperatures almost unknown

Terrain:

mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile coastal lowland

Natural resources:

soil, hydropower potential, minor minerals

Land use:

arable land:

permanent crops:

meadows and pastures:

78%

forest and woodland:

other:

10%

Irrigated land:

1,100 sq km (1989 est.)

Environment:

current issues:

substantial pollution from Brazilian industry along border; one-fifth of country affected by acid rain generated by Brazil; water pollution from meat packing/tannery industry; inadequate solid/hazardous waste disposal

natural hazards:

seasonally high winds (the pampero is a chilly and occasional violent wind which blows north from the Argentine pampas), droughts, floods; because of the absence of mountains, which act as weather barriers, all locations are particularly vulnerable to rapid changes in weather fronts

international agreements:

party to - Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands; signed, but not ratified - Marine Dumping, Marine Life Conservation

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