Economy - overview:
Estonia, as a new member of the World Trade Organization, is steadily moving toward a modern market economy with increasing ties to the West, including the pegging of its currency to the euro. A major goal is accession to the EU, possibly by 2004. The state of the economy is greatly influenced by developments in Finland, Sweden, and Germany, three major trading partners. The high current account deficit remains a concern.
GDP:
purchasing power parity - $15.2 billion (2002 est.)
GDP - real growth rate:
4.4% (2002 est.)
GDP - per capita:
purchasing power parity - $10,900 (2002 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 5.8%
industry: 28.6%
services: 65.6% (2001)
Population below poverty line:
NA% (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 3%
highest 10%: 29.8% (1998)
Distribution of family income - Gini index:
37 (1999)
Inflation rate (consumer prices):
3.7% (2002)
Labor force:
608,600 (2001 est.)
Labor force - by occupation:
industry 20%, agriculture 11%, services 69% (1999 est.)
Unemployment rate:
12.4% (2001)
Budget:
revenues: $1.89 billion
expenditures: $1.89 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2002 est.)
Industries:
engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile; information technology, telecommunications
Industrial production growth rate:
5% (2000 est.)
Electricity - production:
7.937 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 99.8%
hydro: 0.1%
other: 0.2% (2001)
nuclear: 0%
Electricity - consumption:
6.191 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports:
1.19 billion kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports:
0 kWh (2001)
Oil - production:
5,100 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - consumption:
24,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)
Oil - exports:
NA (2001)
Oil - imports:
NA (2001)
Agriculture - products:
potatoes, vegetables; livestock and dairy products; fish
Exports:
$3.4 billion f.o.b. (2002)
Exports - commodities:
machinery and equipment 33%, wood and paper 15%, textiles 14%, food products 8%, furniture 7%, metals, chemical products (2001)
Exports - partners:
Finland 33.8%, Sweden 14%, Latvia 6.9%, Germany 6.9%, UK 4.2 (2001)
Imports:
$4.4 billion f.o.b. (2002)
Imports - commodities:
machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%, textiles 10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001)
Imports - partners:
Finland 18%, Germany 11%, Sweden 9%, China 9%, Russia 8% (2001)
Debt - external:
$3.3 billion (2001 est.)
Economic aid - recipient:
$108 million (2000)
Currency:
Estonian kroon (EEK)
Currency code:
EEK
Exchange rates:
krooni per US dollar - 16.6118 (2002), 17.5641 (2001), 16.9686 (2000), 14.6776 (1999), 14.0747 (1998)
Fiscal year:
calendar year
NOTE: The information regarding Estonia on this page is re-published from the 2003 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Guinea Geography 2003 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Estonia Economy 2003 should be addressed to the CIA.
