Economy - overview:
Occupying the northeast corner of the African continent, Egypt is bisected by the highly fertile Nile valley, where most economic activity takes place. Egypt's economy was highly centralized during the rule of former President Gamal Abdel NASSER but has opened up considerably under former President Anwar EL-SADAT and current President Mohamed Hosni MUBARAK. Cairo from 2004 to 2008 aggressively pursued economic reforms to attract foreign investment and facilitate GDP growth. The global financial crisis has slowed the reform efforts. The budget deficit climbed to over 8% of GDP and Egypt's GDP growth slowed to 4.6% in 2009, predominately due to reduced growth in export-oriented sectors, including manufacturing and tourism, and Suez Canal revenues. In 2010, the government spent more on infrastructure and public projects, and exports drove GDP growth to more than 5%, but GDP growth in 2011 is unlikely to bounce back to pre-global financial recession levels, when it stood at 7%. Despite the relatively high levels of economic growth over the past few years, living conditions for the average Egyptian remain poor.
GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (official exchange rate): GDP - real growth rate: GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - composition by sector: Labor force: Labor force - by occupation: Unemployment rate: Population below poverty line: Household income or consumption by percentage share: Distribution of family income - Gini index: Investment (gross fixed): Budget: Public debt: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Central bank discount rate: Commercial bank prime lending rate: Stock of narrow money: Stock of broad money: Stock of domestic credit: Market value of publicly traded shares: Agriculture - products: Industries: Industrial production growth rate: Electricity - production: Electricity - consumption: Electricity - exports: Electricity - imports: Oil - production: Oil - consumption: Oil - exports: Oil - imports: Oil - proved reserves: Natural gas - production: Natural gas - consumption: Natural gas - exports: Natural gas - imports: Natural gas - proved reserves: Current account balance: Exports: Exports - commodities: Exports - partners: Imports: Imports - commodities: Imports - partners: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Debt - external: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad: Exchange rates:
NOTE: The information regarding Egypt on this page is re-published from the 2011 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Egypt Economy 2011 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Egypt Economy 2011 should be addressed to the CIA.
$500.9 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
note:
data are in 2010 US dollars
[see also: GDP (purchasing power parity) country ranks ]
$216.8 billion (2009 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]
5.3% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 48
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]
$6,200 (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
note:
data are in 2010 US dollars
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]
agriculture: 13.5%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - agriculture country ranks ]
industry:
37.9%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - industry country ranks ]
services:
48.6% (2009 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - services country ranks ]
26.1 million (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 21
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]
agriculture: 32%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry:
17%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services:
51% (2001 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]
9.7% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 107
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]
20% (2005 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]
lowest 10%: 3.9%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%:
27.6% (2005)
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]
34.4 (2001)
country comparison to the world: 90
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]
18.4% of GDP (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 106
[see also: Investment (gross fixed) country ranks ]
revenues: $46.82 billion
[see also: Budget - revenues country ranks ]
expenditures:
$64.19 billion (2009 est.)
[see also: Budget - expenditures country ranks ]
80.5% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 17
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]
12.8% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 211
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]
8.5% (31 December 2009)
country comparison to the world: 36
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]
11.98% (31 December 2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]
$37.8 billion (31 December 2010 est)
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]
$166.2 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]
$145.6 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]
$89.95 billion (31 December 2009)
country comparison to the world: 41
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]
cotton, rice, corn, wheat, beans, fruits, vegetables; cattle, water buffalo, sheep, goats
textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, pharmaceuticals, hydrocarbons, construction, cement, metals, light manufactures
5.5% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]
118.4 billion kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
[see also: Electricity - production country ranks ]
104.1 billion kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
[see also: Electricity - consumption country ranks ]
814 million kWh (2007 est.)
[see also: Electricity - exports country ranks ]
251 million kWh (2007 est.)
[see also: Electricity - imports country ranks ]
680,500 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 29
[see also: Oil - production country ranks ]
683,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 25
[see also: Oil - consumption country ranks ]
89,300 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 68
[see also: Oil - exports country ranks ]
48,450 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 86
[see also: Oil - imports country ranks ]
4.3 billion bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 27
[see also: Oil - proved reserves country ranks ]
62.7 billion cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 14
[see also: Natural gas - production country ranks ]
42.5 billion cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
[see also: Natural gas - consumption country ranks ]
8.55 billion cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 23
[see also: Natural gas - exports country ranks ]
0 cu m (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87
[see also: Natural gas - imports country ranks ]
1.656 trillion cu m (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 22
[see also: Natural gas - proved reserves country ranks ]
$270 million (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]
$25.34 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 64
[see also: Exports country ranks ]
crude oil and petroleum products, cotton, textiles, metal products, chemicals, processed food
US 7.95%, Italy 7.26%, Spain 6.78%, India 6.69%, Saudi Arabia 5.53%, Syria 5.3%, France 4.39%, South Korea 4.27% (2009)
$46.52 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
[see also: Imports country ranks ]
machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, chemicals, wood products, fuels
US 9.92%, China 9.63%, Germany 6.98%, Italy 6.88%, Turkey 4.94% (2009)
$35.72 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 32
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]
$30.61 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 65
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]
$72.41 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 46
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]
$4.9 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 59
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]
Egyptian pounds (EGP) per US dollar - 5.6124 (2010), 5.545 (2009), 5.4 (2008), 5.67 (2007), 5.725 (2006)
This page was last modified 09-Feb-11