Location:
Central Asia, west of China

Geographic coordinates:
39 00 N, 71 00 E

Map references:
Asia

Area:
total: 143,100 sq km
country comparison to the world: 95
[see also: Area - total country ranks ]
land: 141,510 sq km
[see also: Area - land country ranks ]
water: 2,590 sq km
[see also: Area - water country ranks ]

Area - comparative:
slightly smaller than Wisconsin

Land boundaries:
total: 3,651 km
[see also: Land boundaries - total country ranks ]
border countries: Afghanistan 1,206 km, China 414 km, Kyrgyzstan 870 km, Uzbekistan 1,161 km

Coastline:
0 km (landlocked)
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]

Maritime claims:
none (landlocked)

Climate:
midlatitude continental, hot summers, mild winters; semiarid to polar in Pamir Mountains
More Climate Details

Terrain:
Pamir and Alay Mountains dominate landscape; western Fergana Valley in north, Kofarnihon and Vakhsh Valleys in southwest

Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Syr Darya (Sirdaryo) 300 m
[see also: Elevation extremes - lowest point country ranks ]
highest point: Qullai Ismoili Somoni (Pik Imeni Ismail Samani) 7,495 m
[see also: Elevation extremes - highest point country ranks ]

Natural resources:
hydropower, some petroleum, uranium, mercury, brown coal, lead, zinc, antimony, tungsten, silver, gold

Land use:
arable land: 6.52%
[see also: Land use - arable land country ranks ]
permanent crops: 0.89%
[see also: Land use - permanent crops country ranks ]
other: 92.59% (2005)
[see also: Land use - other country ranks ]

Irrigated land:
7,220 sq km (2003)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]

Total renewable water resources:
99.7 cu km (1997)
[see also: Total renewable water resources country ranks ]

Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):
total: 11.96 cu km/yr (4%/5%/92%)
[see also: Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) - total country ranks ]
per capita: 1,837 cu m/yr (2000)
[see also: Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural) - per capita country ranks ]

Natural hazards:
earthquakes; floods

Environment - current issues:
inadequate sanitation facilities; increasing levels of soil salinity; industrial pollution; excessive pesticides

Environment - international agreements:
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Environmental Modification, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

Geography - note:
landlocked; mountainous region dominated by the Trans-Alay Range in the north and the Pamirs in the southeast; highest point, Qullai Ismoili Somoni (formerly Communism Peak), was the tallest mountain in the former USSR