International Rankings of Estonia 2023, country comparisons

This table lists the international rankings of Estonia, in all categories that are published in the CIA World Factbook, and those that we derived from them. Additional international rankings of Estonia, can be found in the main country ranks menu.
For a definition of each entry, visit the Definitions page.

Ranked Data	Rank	Value	Year
Communications
Broadband - fixed subscriptions - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	23	31	2020
Broadband - fixed subscriptions - total	98	415610	2020
Internet users - percent of population	14	91 %	2021
Internet users - total	145	1.183 million	2021
Telephones - fixed lines - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	37	22	2021
Telephones - fixed lines - total subscriptions	109	296620	2021
Telephones - mobile cellular - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	18	149	2021
Telephones - mobile cellular - total subscriptions	149	1.981 million	2021
Economy
Average household expenditures - on alcohol and tobacco	5	7.8 % of household expenditures	2018
Average household expenditures - on food	58	20.3 % of household expenditures	2018
Budget - expenditures	92	12.269 billion US Dollars	2019
Budget - revenues	83	12.282 billion US Dollars	2019
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)	33	0.3 % of GDP	0
Current account balance	126	709.328 million US Dollars	2021
Debt - external	90	23.944 billion US Dollars	2019
Exports	77	29.056 billion US Dollars	2021
GDP (official exchange rate)	105	31.461 billion US Dollars	2019
GDP - composition by end use - exports of goods and services	22	77.2 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by end use - government consumption	46	20.4 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by end use - household consumption	149	50.3 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by end use - imports of goods and services	165	74 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by end use - investment in fixed capital	56	24 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by end use - investment in inventories	35	2.2 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by sector of origin - agriculture	123	2.8 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by sector of origin - industry	71	29.2 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by sector of origin - services	68	68.1 % of GDP	2017
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income	103	30.8 %	2019
Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10%	85	25.6 % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population	2015
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%	28	2.3 % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population	0
Imports	75	29.234 billion US Dollars	2021
Industrial production growth rate	58	7.13 %	2021
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	71	4.65 %	2021
Labor force	154	704700 US Dollars	2021
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture	129	2.7 %	0
Labor force - by occupation - industry	67	20.5 %	0
Labor force - by occupation - services	32	76.8 %	2017
Population below poverty line	83	21.7 %	2018
Public debt	166	23.77 % of GDP	2020
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)	113	51.531 billion US Dollars	2021
Real GDP growth rate	39	8.01 %	2021
Real GDP per capita	49	38700 US Dollars	2021
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold	126	2.371 billion US Dollars	2021
Taxes and other revenues	79	20.69 % of GDP	0
Unemployment rate	118	6.33 %	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - female	89	17.8	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - male	80	16.5	0
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - total	81	17.1	0
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions - from coal and metallurgical coke	119	44000 metric tonnes of CO2	2019
Carbon dioxide emissions - from consumed natural gas	100	901000 metric tonnes of CO2	2019
Carbon dioxide emissions - from petroleum and other liquids	126	3.979 million metric tonnes of CO2	2019
Coal - consumption	120	3000 metric tons	2020
Coal - exports	62	0 metric tons	2020
Coal - imports	110	3000 metric tons	2020
Coal - production	75	0 metric tons	2020
Coal - proven reserves	75	0 metric tons	2019
Electricity - consumption	104	9.172 billion kWh	2020
Electricity - exports	41	3.722 billion kWh	2020
Electricity - imports	32	7.367 billion kWh	2020
Electricity - installed generating capacity	107	3.030 million kWh	2020
Electricity - transmission/distribution losses	134	375.000 million kWh	2020
Electricity access	1	100 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - biomass and waste	4	27.2 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - fossil fuels	97	55.8 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - geothermal	17	0 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - hydroelectricity	128	0.7 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - nuclear	34	0 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - solar	50	2 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - tide and wave	6	0 %	2020
Electricity generation sources - wind	19	14.3 %	2020
Energy consumption per capita	80	76.329 million Btu/person	2019
Natural gas - consumption	100	417.106 million cubic meters	2020
Natural gas - exports	57	0 cubic meters	2021
Natural gas - imports	71	417.276 million cubic meters	2020
Natural gas - production	97	0 cubic meters	2021
Natural gas - proven reserves	92	0 cubic meters	2021
Petroleum - crude oil and lease condensate exports	73	0 bbl/day	2018
Petroleum - crude oil and lease condensate imports	82	0 bbl/day	2018
Petroleum - crude oil estimated reserves	89	0 bbl/day	2021
Petroleum - refined petroleum consumption	124	27500 bbl/day	2019
Petroleum - total petroleum production	70	21800 bbl/day	2021
Refined petroleum products - exports	66	27150 bbl/day	2017
Refined petroleum products - imports	97	35520 bbl/day	2017
Refined petroleum products - production	112	0 bbl/day	2017
Environment
Air pollutants - carbon dioxide emissions	88	16.59 megatons	2016
Air pollutants - methane emissions	158	0.99 megatons	2020
Air pollutants - particulate matter emissions	182	6.74 micrograms per cubic meter	2016
Land use - agricultural land	139	22.2	2018
Land use - arable land	74	14.9	2018
Land use - forest	42	52.1	2018
Land use - other	99	25.7	2018
Land use - permanent crops	84	0.1	2018
Land use - permanent pasture	121	7.2	2018
Revenue from coal	33	0 % of GDP	2018
Revenue from forest resources	53	0.85 % of GDP	2018
Total renewable water resources	132	12.810 billion cubic meters	2020
Total water withdrawal - agricultural	132	4.500 million cubic meters	2017
Total water withdrawal - industrial	53	790.000 million cubic meters	2020
Total water withdrawal - municipal	107	60.000 million cubic meters	2020
Urbanization - rate of urbanization	167	0.03	2025
Urbanization - urban population	70	69.8	2023
Waste and recycling - municipal solid waste generated annually	94	473000 tons	2015
Waste and recycling - municipal solid waste recycled annually	77	117020 tons	2015
Waste and recycling - percent of municipal solid waste recycled	31	24.7 %	2015
Geography
Area - land	134	42388 sq km	0
Area - total	134	45228 sq km	0
Area - water	149	2840 sq km	0
Coastline	32	3794 km	0
Elevation - highest point	175	318 meters	0
Elevation - lowest point	35	0 meters	0
Elevation - mean elevation	146	61 meters	0
Irrigated land	148	20 sq km	2016
Land boundaries - total	133	657 km	0
Land use - agricultural land	139	22.2	2018
Land use - arable land	74	14.9	2018
Land use - forest	42	52.1	2018
Land use - other	99	25.7	2018
Land use - permanent crops	84	0.1	2018
Land use - permanent pasture	121	7.2	2018
Military
Military expenditures	25	2.7 % of GDP	2023
Population
Alcohol consumption per capita - beer	24	4 liters of pure alcohol	2019
Alcohol consumption per capita - other alcohols	22	1.13 liters of pure alcohol	2019
Alcohol consumption per capita - spirits	9	4.6 liters of pure alcohol	2019
Alcohol consumption per capita - total	7	11.65 liters of pure alcohol	2019
Alcohol consumption per capita - wine	36	1.92 liters of pure alcohol	2019
Birth rate	202	8.48 births/1,000 population	2023
Children under the age of 5 years underweight	102	0.4 %	1315
Contraceptive prevalence rate	130	N/A %	0
Current health expenditure	43	7.8 % of GDP	2020
Currently married women (ages 15-49)	108	52.3 %	2023
Death rate	8	13.13 deaths/1,000 population	2023
Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio	15	32.3 %	0
Dependency ratios - potential support ratio	123	3.1 %	2021
Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio	74	58.3 %	0
Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio	143	26.1 %	0
Drinking water source - improved	1	100 % of population	0
Drinking water source - rural	110	N/A % of population	0
Drinking water source - total	98	0.4 % of population	2020
Drinking water source - unimproved	64	0 % of population	0
Education expenditures	20	6.6 % of GDP	2020
Gross reproduction rate	90	0.79 %	2023
Hospital bed density	27	4.6 beds/1,000 population	2018
Infant mortality rate - female	188	3.5 deaths/1,000 live births	2023
Infant mortality rate - male	203	3.26 deaths/1,000 live births	0
Infant mortality rate - total	194	3.38 deaths/1,000 live births	0
Life expectancy at birth - female	42	82.94 years	2023
Life expectancy at birth - male	99	73.52 years	0
Life expectancy at birth - total population	69	78.12 years	0
Literacy - female	2	99.9 %	2021
Literacy - male	2	99.9 %	0
Literacy - total population	2	99.9 %	0
Maternal mortality ratio	117	5 deaths/100,000 live births	2020
Median age - female	8	47 years	2020
Median age - male	30	40.4 years	0
Median age - total	17	43.7 years	0
Mother's mean age at first birth	26	28.2	2020
Net migration rate	147	2.73 migrant(s)/1,000 population	0
Obesity - adult prevalence rate	72	21.2 %	2016
Physicians density	37	3.47 physicians/1,000 population	2019
Population	161	1.203 million	2023
Population growth rate	169	0.74 %	2023
Sanitation facility access - improved	3	99.8 % of population	0
Sanitation facility access - rural	119	0 % of population	0
Sanitation facility access - total	119	0.2 % of population	2020
Sanitation facility access - unimproved	92	0.2 % of population	0
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - female	6	17 years	2020
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male	6	15 years	0
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total	6	16 years	0
Sex ratio - 0-14 years	11	1.05 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - 15-64 years	22	1.01 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - 65 years and over	55	0.55 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - at birth	8	1.05 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - total population	30	0.89 male(s)/female	0
Tobacco use - female	21	23 %	2020
Tobacco use - male	45	36.3 %	2020
Tobacco use - total	29	29.7 %	2020
Total fertility rate	119	1.62 children born/woman	2023
Urbanization - rate of urbanization	167	0.03	2025
Urbanization - urban population	70	69.8	2023
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - female	89	17.8	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - male	80	16.5	0
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - total	81	17.1	0
Transportation
Airports	106	18	2021
Airports - with paved runways - civil airports	18	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - joint use (civil-military) airports	1	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - military airports	14	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - other airports	22	N/A	2023
Airports - with unpaved runways	93	51000	3280
Heliports	25	1	2021
Merchant marine - total	101	70	0
National air transport system - annual freight traffic on registered air carriers	139	N/A	2023
National air transport system - annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers	148	31981	2018
National air transport system - inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers	88	14	0
National air transport system - number of registered air carriers	25	3	2020
Railways	27	1441 km	2020
Roadways - paved	71	10427 km	2011
Roadways - total	73	58412 km	2011
Waterways	90	335 km	2011

*CALCULATED FIGURES are those that we calculated from data presented by the CIA World Factbook. For example, we calculated population density by dividing the total population by the land area, the electricity consumption per capita by dividing electricity consumption by the total population, etc.

NOTE: The information regarding Estonia on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Estonia 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Estonia 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.