International Rankings of European Union 2023, country comparisons

This table lists the international rankings of European Union, in all categories that are published in the CIA World Factbook, and those that we derived from them. Additional international rankings of European Union, can be found in the main country ranks menu.
For a definition of each entry, visit the Definitions page.

Ranked Data	Rank	Value	Year
Communications
Broadband - fixed subscriptions - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	16	37	2020
Broadband - fixed subscriptions - total	3	163.773 million	2020
Internet users - percent of population	20	87 %	2021
Internet users - total	4	389.064 million	2021
Telephones - fixed lines - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	24	36	2020
Telephones - fixed lines - total subscriptions	3	160.149 million	2020
Telephones - mobile cellular - subscriptions per 100 inhabitants	42	121	2020
Telephones - mobile cellular - total subscriptions	4	540.558 million	2020
Economy
Average household expenditures - on alcohol and tobacco	59	N/A % of household expenditures	2023
Average household expenditures - on food	95	N/A % of household expenditures	2023
Budget - expenditures	229	N/A US Dollars	2023
Budget - revenues	229	N/A US Dollars	2023
Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)	59	3 % of GDP	0
Current account balance	1	404.900 billion US Dollars	2017
Debt - external	2	29.270 trillion US Dollars	2016
Exports	2	8.705 trillion US Dollars	2021
GDP (official exchange rate)	3	17.110 trillion US Dollars	2017
GDP - composition by end use - exports of goods and services	73	43.9 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by end use - government consumption	46	20.4 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by end use - household consumption	134	54.4 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by end use - imports of goods and services	78	40.5 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by end use - investment in fixed capital	89	19.8 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by end use - investment in inventories	52	0.4 % of GDP	2016
GDP - composition by sector of origin - agriculture	135	1.6 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by sector of origin - industry	90	25.1 % of GDP	2017
GDP - composition by sector of origin - services	54	70.9 % of GDP	2017
Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income	103	30.8 %	2016
Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10%	92	23.8 % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population	2016
Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10%	23	2.8 % share of income accruing to lowest and highest 10% of population	0
Imports	2	8.037 trillion US Dollars	2021
Industrial production growth rate	66	6.43 %	2021
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	115	2.55 %	2021
Labor force	4	217.042 million US Dollars	2021
Labor force - by occupation - agriculture	113	5 %	0
Labor force - by occupation - industry	57	21.9 %	0
Labor force - by occupation - services	42	73.1 %	2014
Population below poverty line	139	9.8 %	2013
Public debt	34	86.8 % of GDP	2014
Real GDP (purchasing power parity)	3	19.739 trillion US Dollars	2021
Real GDP growth rate	80	5.39 %	2021
Real GDP per capita	37	44100 US Dollars	2021
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold	4	740.900 billion US Dollars	2014
Taxes and other revenues	90	19.41 % of GDP	0
Unemployment rate	104	7.05 %	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - female	75	20.4	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - male	69	18.9	0
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - total	69	19.5	0
Energy
Carbon dioxide emissions - from coal and metallurgical coke	129	N/A metric tonnes of CO2	2023
Carbon dioxide emissions - from consumed natural gas	125	N/A metric tonnes of CO2	2023
Carbon dioxide emissions - from petroleum and other liquids	212	N/A metric tonnes of CO2	2023
Coal - consumption	123	N/A metric tons	2023
Coal - exports	63	N/A metric tons	2023
Coal - imports	113	N/A metric tons	2023
Coal - production	76	N/A metric tons	2023
Coal - proven reserves	76	N/A metric tons	2023
Electricity - consumption	212	N/A kWh	2023
Electricity - exports	99	N/A kWh	2023
Electricity - imports	118	N/A kWh	2023
Electricity - installed generating capacity	207	N/A kWh	2023
Electricity - transmission/distribution losses	205	N/A kWh	2023
Electricity access	2	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - biomass and waste	58	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - fossil fuels	162	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - geothermal	18	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - hydroelectricity	133	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - nuclear	35	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - solar	70	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - tide and wave	7	N/A %	2023
Electricity generation sources - wind	74	N/A %	2023
Energy consumption per capita	196	N/A Btu/person	2023
Natural gas - consumption	122	N/A cubic meters	2023
Natural gas - exports	58	N/A cubic meters	2023
Natural gas - imports	89	N/A cubic meters	2023
Natural gas - production	98	N/A cubic meters	2023
Natural gas - proven reserves	93	N/A cubic meters	2023
Petroleum - crude oil and lease condensate exports	74	N/A bbl/day	2023
Petroleum - crude oil and lease condensate imports	83	N/A bbl/day	2023
Petroleum - crude oil estimated reserves	90	N/A bbl/day	2023
Petroleum - refined petroleum consumption	195	N/A bbl/day	2023
Petroleum - total petroleum production	107	N/A bbl/day	2023
Refined petroleum products - exports	5	2.196 million bbl/day	2017
Refined petroleum products - imports	2	8.613 million bbl/day	2017
Refined petroleum products - production	3	11.660 million bbl/day	2016
Environment
Air pollutants - carbon dioxide emissions	184	N/A megatons	2023
Air pollutants - methane emissions	185	N/A megatons	2023
Air pollutants - particulate matter emissions	189	N/A micrograms per cubic meter	2023
Land use - agricultural land	198	N/A	2023
Land use - arable land	161	N/A	2023
Land use - forest	185	N/A	2023
Land use - other	187	N/A	2023
Land use - permanent crops	87	N/A	2023
Land use - permanent pasture	163	N/A	2023
Revenue from coal	31	0.02 % of GDP	2018
Revenue from forest resources	93	0.05 % of GDP	2018
Total renewable water resources	11	1.700 trillion cubic meters	2019
Total water withdrawal - agricultural	146	N/A cubic meters	2023
Total water withdrawal - industrial	109	N/A cubic meters	2023
Total water withdrawal - municipal	115	N/A cubic meters	2023
Urbanization - rate of urbanization	178	N/A	2023
Urbanization - urban population	183	N/A	2023
Waste and recycling - municipal solid waste generated annually	125	N/A tons	2023
Waste and recycling - municipal solid waste recycled annually	125	N/A tons	2023
Waste and recycling - percent of municipal solid waste recycled	89	N/A %	2023
Geography
Area - land	249	N/A sq km	2023
Area - total	10	4.236 million sq km	0
Area - water	227	N/A sq km	2023
Coastline	2	53563.9 km	0
Elevation - highest point	32	4810 meters	0
Elevation - lowest point	40	7 meters	0
Elevation - mean elevation	152	N/A meters	2023
Irrigated land	6	154539.82 sq km	2011
Land boundaries - total	5	13770 km	0
Land use - agricultural land	198	N/A	2023
Land use - arable land	161	N/A	2023
Land use - forest	185	N/A	2023
Land use - other	187	N/A	2023
Land use - permanent crops	87	N/A	2023
Land use - permanent pasture	163	N/A	2023
Military
Military expenditures	53	N/A % of GDP	2023
Population
Alcohol consumption per capita - beer	153	N/A liters of pure alcohol	2023
Alcohol consumption per capita - other alcohols	64	N/A liters of pure alcohol	2023
Alcohol consumption per capita - spirits	136	N/A liters of pure alcohol	2023
Alcohol consumption per capita - total	169	N/A liters of pure alcohol	2023
Alcohol consumption per capita - wine	97	N/A liters of pure alcohol	2023
Birth rate	219	N/A births/1,000 population	2020
Children under the age of 5 years underweight	103	N/A %	0
Contraceptive prevalence rate	130	N/A %	0
Current health expenditure	93	N/A % of GDP	2023
Currently married women (ages 15-49)	165	N/A %	2023
Death rate	203	N/A deaths/1,000 population	2021
Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio	156	N/A %	0
Dependency ratios - potential support ratio	131	N/A %	0
Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio	184	N/A %	0
Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio	191	N/A %	0
Drinking water source - improved	66	N/A % of population	0
Drinking water source - rural	110	N/A % of population	0
Drinking water source - total	103	N/A % of population	0
Drinking water source - unimproved	65	N/A % of population	0
Education expenditures	36	5 % of GDP	2020
Gross reproduction rate	112	N/A %	2023
Hospital bed density	71	N/A beds/1,000 population	2023
Infant mortality rate - female	184	3.62 deaths/1,000 live births	2021
Infant mortality rate - male	201	3.32 deaths/1,000 live births	0
Infant mortality rate - total	191	3.47 deaths/1,000 live births	0
Life expectancy at birth - female	47	82.51 years	2021
Life expectancy at birth - male	106	72.98 years	0
Life expectancy at birth - total population	76	77.63 years	0
Literacy - female	122	N/A %	0
Literacy - male	100	N/A %	0
Literacy - total population	110	N/A %	0
Maternal mortality ratio	122	N/A deaths/100,000 live births	2023
Median age - female	18	45.5 years	2020
Median age - male	17	42.6 years	0
Median age - total	15	44 years	0
Mother's mean age at first birth	86	N/A	2023
Net migration rate	149	2.85 migrant(s)/1,000 population	0
Obesity - adult prevalence rate	145	N/A %	2023
Physicians density	159	N/A physicians/1,000 population	2023
Population	240	N/A	2023
Population growth rate	178	N/A %	2021
Sanitation facility access - improved	95	N/A % of population	0
Sanitation facility access - rural	120	N/A % of population	0
Sanitation facility access - total	122	N/A % of population	0
Sanitation facility access - unimproved	95	N/A % of population	0
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - female	18	N/A years	2023
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male	15	N/A years	2023
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total	17	N/A years	2023
Sex ratio - 0-14 years	11	1.05 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - 15-64 years	18	1.05 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - 65 years and over	38	0.75 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - at birth	7	1.06 male(s)/female	0
Sex ratio - total population	24	0.95 male(s)/female	0
Tobacco use - female	114	N/A %	2023
Tobacco use - male	140	N/A %	2023
Tobacco use - total	129	N/A %	2023
Total fertility rate	149	N/A children born/woman	2021
Urbanization - rate of urbanization	178	N/A	2023
Urbanization - urban population	184	N/A	2023
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - female	75	20.4	2021
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - male	69	18.9	0
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24) - total	69	19.5	0
Transportation
Airports	123	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - civil airports	18	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - joint use (civil-military) airports	1	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - military airports	14	N/A	2023
Airports - with paved runways - other airports	22	N/A	2023
Airports - with unpaved runways	4	12.441 million	3280
Heliports	26	N/A	2021
Merchant marine - total	144	N/A	2023
National air transport system - annual freight traffic on registered air carriers	2	31.731 billion	2018
National air transport system - annual passenger traffic on registered air carriers	2	636.860 million	2018
National air transport system - inventory of registered aircraft operated by air carriers	102	N/A	2023
National air transport system - number of registered air carriers	28	N/A	2023
Railways	1	4.894 million km	2019
Roadways - paved	168	N/A km	2023
Roadways - total	188	N/A km	2023
Waterways	5	42000 km	2017

*CALCULATED FIGURES are those that we calculated from data presented by the CIA World Factbook. For example, we calculated population density by dividing the total population by the land area, the electricity consumption per capita by dividing electricity consumption by the total population, etc.

NOTE: The information regarding European Union on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of European Union 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about European Union 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.