Economy - overview:
Tajikistan is a poor, mountainous country with an economy dominated by minerals extraction, metals processing, agriculture, and reliance on remittances from citizens working abroad. The 1992-97 civil war severely damaged an already weak economic infrastructure and caused a sharp decline in industrial and agricultural production, and today, Tajikistan has one of the lowest per capita GDPs among the 15 former Soviet republics. Less than 7% of the land area is arable and cotton is the most important crop. Tajikistan imports approximately 60% of its food. Mineral resources include silver, gold, uranium, antimony, and tungsten. Industry consists mainly of small obsolete factories in food processing and light industry, substantial hydropower facilities, and a large aluminum plant - currently operating well below its capacity. Because of a lack of employment opportunities in Tajikistan, more than one million Tajik citizens work abroad - roughly 90% in Russia - supporting families back home through remittances that have been equivalent to nearly 50% of GDP. Some experts estimate the value of narcotics transiting Tajikistan is equivalent to 30-50% of GDP.Since the end of the devastating, five-year civil war, the country has pursued half-hearted reforms and privatizations, but the poor business climate remains a hurdle to attracting investment. Tajikistan has sought to develop its substantial hydroelectricity potential through partnership with Russian and Iranian investors, and is pursuing completion of the Roghun dam - which, if built according to plan, would be the tallest dam in the world. However, the project will take at least 8 to 11 years to construct and faces financing shortfalls and opposition from downstream Uzbekistan.Recent slowdowns in the Russian and Chinese economies, low commodity prices, and currency fluctuations are hampering economic growth in Tajikistan. By some estimates, the dollar value of remittances from Russia to Tajikistan dropped by more than 65% in 2015. The government faces challenges financing the public debt, which is equivalent to 35% of GDP, and the National Bank of Tajikistan has aggressively spent down reserves to bolster the weakening somoni, leaving little space for fiscal or monetary measures to counter any additional economic shocks.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
$25.81 billion (2016 est.) $24.35 billion (2015 est.) $22.97 billion (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
country comparison to the world: 139
[see also: GDP country ranks ]

GDP (official exchange rate):
$6.612 billion (2015 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]

GDP - real growth rate:
6% (2016 est.) 6% (2015 est.) 6.7% (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]

GDP - per capita (PPP):
$3,000 (2016 est.) $2,900 (2015 est.) $2,800 (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 dollars
country comparison to the world: 193
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]

Gross national saving:
12.9% of GDP (2016 est.) 12.7% of GDP (2015 est.) 13% of GDP (2014 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
[see also: Gross national saving country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 116.1%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - household consumption country ranks ]
government consumption: 14.5%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - government consumption country ranks ]
investment in fixed capital: 13.8%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in fixed capital country ranks ]
investment in inventories: 4%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in inventories country ranks ]
exports of goods and services: 22.8%
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - exports of goods and services country ranks ]
imports of goods and services: -71.2% (2016 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - imports of goods and services country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 29.2%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 21.6%
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - industry country ranks ]
services: 49.2% (2016 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - services country ranks ]

Agriculture - products:
cotton, grain, fruits, grapes, vegetables; cattle, sheep, goats

Industries:
aluminum, cement, vegetable oil

Industrial production growth rate:
0.8% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]

Labor force:
2.209 million (2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 120
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 46.5%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 10.7%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 42.8% (2013 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]

Unemployment rate:
2.5% (2013 est.) 2.5% (2012 est.)
note: official rates; actual unemployment is much higher
country comparison to the world: 17
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]

Population below poverty line:
35.6% (2013 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: NA% (2009 est.)
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]

Distribution of family income - Gini index:
32.6 (2006) 34.7 (1998)
country comparison to the world: 106
[see also: Distribution of family income - Gini index country ranks ]

Budget:
revenues: $1.841 billion
[see also: Budget revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: $1.985 billion (2016 est.)
[see also: Budget expenditures country ranks ]

Taxes and other revenues:
27.8% of GDP (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 91
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-2.2% of GDP (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world: 72
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]

Public debt:
6.5% of GDP (2013 est.) NA%
country comparison to the world: 179
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
8% (2016 est.) 10.8% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 194
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]

Central bank discount rate:
4.8% (31 December 2013) 6.5% (31 December 2012)
country comparison to the world: 81
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
26% (31 December 2016 est.) 25.84% (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 10
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]

Stock of narrow money:
$653.3 million (31 December 2016 est.) $773 million (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 161
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]

Stock of broad money:
$2.085 billion (31 December 2014 est.) $1.778 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]

Stock of domestic credit:
$1.241 billion (31 December 2016 est.) $1.401 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 158
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]

Current account balance:
-$331 million (2016 est.) -$470 million (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]

Exports:
$530.8 million (2016 est.) $572 million (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 169
[see also: Exports country ranks ]

Exports - commodities:
aluminum, electricity, cotton, fruits, vegetable oil, textiles

Exports - partners:
Turkey 19.7%, Kazakhstan 17.6%, Switzerland 13.7%, Iran 8.7%, Afghanistan 7.5%, Russia 5.1%, China 4.9%, Italy 4.8% (2015)

Imports:
$2.34 billion (2016 est.) $2.825 billion (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 156
[see also: Imports country ranks ]

Imports - commodities:
petroleum products, aluminum oxide, machinery and equipment, foodstuffs

Imports - partners:
China 42.3%, Russia 17.9%, Kazakhstan 13.1%, Iran 4.7% (2015)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$416.9 million (31 December 2016 est.) $494.3 million (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 151
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]

Debt - external:
$3.976 billion (31 December 2016 est.) $3.938 billion (31 December 2015 est.)
country comparison to the world: 137
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
$2.272 billion (31 December 2013 est.)
country comparison to the world: 109
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$NA $16.3 billion (31 December 2009 est.)
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]

Exchange rates:
Tajikistani somoni (TJS) per US dollar - 8.364 (2016 est.) 6.1631 (2015 est.) 6.1631 (2014 est.) 4.9348 (2013 est.) 4.76 (2012 est.)