Cuba People - 2021

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Population

11,032,343 (July 2021 est.)

Nationality

noun: Cuban(s)

adjective: Cuban

Ethnic groups

White 64.1%, Mulatto or mixed 26.6%, Black 9.3% (2012 est.)

note: data represent racial self-identification from Cuba's 2012 national census

Languages

Spanish (official)

printed major-language sample:
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Christian 58.9%, folk religion 17.6%, Buddhist
note: folk religions include religions of African origin, spiritualism, and others intermingled with Catholicism or Protestantism; data is estimative because no authoritative source on religious affiliation exists in Cuba

Age structure

0-14 years: 16.34% (male 929,927/female 877,035)

15-24 years: 11.81% (male 678,253/female 627,384)

25-54 years: 41.95% (male 2,335,680/female 2,303,793)

55-64 years: 14.11% (male 760,165/female 799,734)

65 years and over: 15.8% (male 794,743/female 952,348) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 46.7

youth dependency ratio: 23.3

elderly dependency ratio: 23.3

potential support ratio: 4.3 (2020 est.)

Median age

total: 42.1 years

male: 40.2 years

female: 43.8 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.23% (2021 est.)

Birth rate

10.25 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Death rate

9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate

-3.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Population distribution

large population clusters found throughout the country, the more significant ones being in the larger towns and cities, particularly the capital of Havana

Urbanization

urban population: 77.3% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030

Major urban areas - population

2.143 million HAVANA (capital) (2021)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.08 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female

total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Maternal mortality rate

36 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 4.19 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 4.72 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 3.63 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 79.41 years

male: 77.04 years

female: 81.92 years (2021 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.71 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

69% (2019)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 98.2% of population

rural: 94.5% of population

total: 97.4% of population

unimproved: urban: 1.8% of population

rural: 5.5% of population

total: 2.6% of population (2017 est.)

Current Health Expenditure

11.2% (2018)

Physicians density

8.42 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

Hospital bed density

5.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 96.1% of population

rural: 94.8% of population

total: 95.8% of population

unimproved: urban: 3.9% of population

rural: 5.2% of population

total: 4.2% of population (2017 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.4% (2020 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

33,000 (2020 est.)

HIV/AIDS - deaths

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: intermediate (2020)

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A

vectorborne diseases: dengue fever

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

24.6% (2016)

Education expenditures

12.8% of GDP (2010)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.8%

male: 99.9%

female: 99.8% (2015)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 14 years

male: 14 years

female: 15 years (2018)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 6.1%

male: 6.4%

female: 5.6% (2010 est.)

People - note

illicit emigration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US including direct flights to Miami and overland via the southwest border; the number of Cubans migrating to the US surged after the announcement of normalization of US-Cuban relations in late December 2014 but has decreased since the end of the so-called "wet-foot, dry-foot" policy on 12 January 2017

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

2.4% (2019)

NOTE: The information regarding Cuba on this page is re-published from the 2021 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Cuba 2021 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Cuba 2021 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.