Spain People - 2021

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Population

47,260,584 (July 2021 est.)

Nationality

noun: Spaniard(s)

adjective: Spanish

Ethnic groups

Spanish 84.8%, Moroccan 1.7%, Romanian 1.2%, other 12.3% (2021 est.)

note: data represent population by country of birth

Languages

Castilian Spanish (official nationwide) 74%, Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community (where it is known as Valencian)) 17%, Galician (official in Galicia) 7%, Basque (official in the Basque Country and in the Basque-speaking area of Navarre) 2%, Aranese (official in the northwest corner of Catalonia (Vall d'Aran) along with Catalan,
printed major-language sample:
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Religions

Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non-believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 15.02% (male 3,861,522/female 3,650,085)

15-24 years: 9.9% (male 2,557,504/female 2,392,498)

25-54 years: 43.61% (male 11,134,006/female 10,675,873)

55-64 years: 12.99% (male 3,177,080/female 3,319,823)

65 years and over: 18.49% (male 3,970,417/female 5,276,984) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 52.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.9

elderly dependency ratio: 30.4

potential support ratio: 3.3 (2020 est.)

Median age

total: 43.9 years

male: 42.7 years

female: 45.1 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.03% (2021 est.)

Birth rate

8.05 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Death rate

9.78 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate

1.39 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Population distribution

with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts; numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage; very dense settlement around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona

Urbanization

urban population: 81.1% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

note: data include Canary Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030

Major urban areas - population

6.669 million MADRID (capital), 5.624 million Barcelona, 835,000 Valencia (2021)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.07 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.96 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female

total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

31.1 years (201 est.)

Maternal mortality rate

4 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 3.14 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 3.51 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 2.74 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 82.21 years

male: 79.22 years

female: 85.39 years (2021 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.51 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

62.1% (2018)

note: percent of women aged 18-49

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)

Current Health Expenditure

9% (2018)

Physicians density

3.87 physicians/1,000 population (2017)

Hospital bed density

3 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

0.4% (2020 est.)

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

150,000 (2020 est.)

note: estimate does not include children

HIV/AIDS - deaths

note: estimate does not include children

Major infectious diseases

respiratory diseases: Covid-19 (see note) (2020)

note: widespread ongoing transmission of a respiratory illness caused by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is occurring throughout Spain; as of 19 July 2021, Spain has reported a total of 4,161,850 cases of COVID-19 or 8,792.77 cumulative cases of COVID-19 per 100,000 population with 171.38 cumulative deaths per 100,000 population; as of 19 July 2021, 63.52% of the population has received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine; the Department of Homeland Security has issued instructions requiring US passengers who have been in Spain to travel through select airports where the US Government has implemented enhanced screening procedures

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

23.8% (2016)

Education expenditures

4.2% of GDP (2017)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 98.4%

male: 98.9%

female: 98% (2018)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 18 years

male: 17 years

female: 18 years (2018)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 32.5%

male: 30.9%

female: 34.5% (2019 est.)

NOTE: The information regarding Spain on this page is re-published from the 2021 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Spain 2021 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Spain 2021 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.