Tonga People - 2021

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Population

105,780 (July 2021 est.)

Nationality

noun: Tongan(s)

adjective: Tongan

Ethnic groups

Tongan 97%, part-Tongan 0.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified

Languages

Tongan and English 76.8%, Tongan, English, and other language 10.6%, Tongan only (official) 8.7%, English only (official) 0.7%, other 1.7%, none 2.2% (2016 est.)

note: data represent persons aged 5 and older who can read and write a simple sentence in Tongan, English, or another language

Religions

Protestant 64.1% (includes Free Wesleyan Church 35%, Free Church of Tonga 11.9%, Church of Tonga 6.8%, Assembly of God 2.3%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.2%, Tokaikolo Christian Church 1.6%, other 4.3%), Mormon 18.6%, Roman Catholic 14.2%, other 2.4%, none 0.5%, unspecified 0.1% (2016 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 32% (male 17,250/female 16,698)

15-24 years: 19.66% (male 10,679/female 10,175)

25-54 years: 35.35% (male 18,701/female 18,802)

55-64 years: 6.17% (male 3,345/female 3,202)

65 years and over: 6.83% (male 3,249/female 3,994) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 68.6

youth dependency ratio: 58.6

elderly dependency ratio: 10

potential support ratio: 10 (2020 est.)

Median age

total: 24.1 years

male: 23.6 years

female: 24.5 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.23% (2021 est.)

Birth rate

20.6 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Death rate

4.95 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate

-17.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Population distribution

over two-thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied

Urbanization

urban population: 23.1% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030

Major urban areas - population

23,000 NUKU'ALOFA (2018)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female

total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

24.9 years (2012 est.)

note: median age at first birth among women 25-49

Maternal mortality rate

52 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 12.73 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 13.77 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 11.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 77.29 years

male: 75.63 years

female: 78.99 years (2021 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.81 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

29.3% (2019)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)

Current Health Expenditure

5.1% (2018)

Physicians density

0.54 physicians/1,000 population (2013)

Hospital bed density

2.6 beds/1,000 population (2010)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 96.6% of population

rural: 93.6% of population

total: 94.5% of population

unimproved: urban: 3.4% of population

rural: 6.4% of population

total: 5.5% of population (2017 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

N/A

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

N/A

HIV/AIDS - deaths

N/A

Major infectious diseases

degree of risk: high (2020)

food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea

vectorborne diseases: malaria

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

48.2% (2016)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

0.8% (2019)

Education expenditures

N/A

Literacy

definition: can read and write Tongan and/or English

total population: 99.4%

male: 99.4%

female: 99.5% (2015)

Unemployment, youth ages 15-24

total: 8.9%

male: 5.7%

female: 13.1% (2018)

NOTE: The information regarding Tonga on this page is re-published from the 2021 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Tonga 2021 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Tonga 2021 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.