Turkmenistan People - 2021

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Population

5,579,889 (July 2021 est.)

note: some sources suggest Turkmenistan's population could be as much as 1 to 2 million people lower than available estimates because of large-scale emigration during the last 10 years

Nationality

noun: Turkmenistani(s)

adjective: Turkmenistani

Ethnic groups

Turkmen 85%, Uzbek 5%, Russian 4%, other 6% (2003 est.)

Languages

Turkmen (official) 72%, Russian 12%, Uzbek 9%, other 7%

Religions

Muslim 93%, Christian 6.4%, Buddhist

Age structure

0-14 years: 25.44% (male 713,441/female 693,042)

15-24 years: 16.48% (male 458,566/female 452,469)

25-54 years: 44.14% (male 1,214,581/female 1,226,027)

55-64 years: 8.56% (male 221,935/female 251,238)

65 years and over: 5.38% (male 129,332/female 167,996) (2020 est.)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 55.2

youth dependency ratio: 47.8

elderly dependency ratio: 7.4

potential support ratio: 13.5 (2020 est.)

Median age

total: 29.2 years

male: 28.7 years

female: 29.7 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

1.02% (2021 est.)

Birth rate

17.85 births/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Death rate

5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Net migration rate

-1.72 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2021 est.)

Population distribution

the most densely populated areas are the southern, eastern, and northeastern oases; approximately 50% of the population lives in and around the capital of Ashgabat

Urbanization

urban population: 53% of total population (2021)

rate of urbanization: 2.23% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030

Major urban areas - population

865,000 ASHGABAT (capital) (2021)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

15-24 years: 1.01 male(s)/female

25-54 years: 0.99 male(s)/female

55-64 years: 0.88 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.77 male(s)/female

total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2020 est.)

Maternal mortality rate

7 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 38.54 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 46.87 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 29.79 deaths/1,000 live births (2021 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 71.54 years

male: 68.5 years

female: 74.73 years (2021 est.)

Total fertility rate

2.04 children born/woman (2021 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

49.7% (2019)

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)

Current Health Expenditure

6.6% (2018)

Physicians density

2.23 physicians/1,000 population (2014)

Hospital bed density

4 beds/1,000 population (2014)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2017 est.)

HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate

N/A

HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS

N/A

HIV/AIDS - deaths

N/A

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

18.6% (2016)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

3.1% (2019)

Education expenditures

3.1% of GDP (2012)

Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 99.7%

male: 99.8%

female: 99.6% (2015)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 13 years

male: 13 years

female: 13 years (2019)

Mother's mean age at first birth

24.2 years (2019)

NOTE: The information regarding Turkmenistan on this page is re-published from the 2021 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Turkmenistan 2021 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Turkmenistan 2021 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.