Equatorial Guinea People - 2022
SOURCE: 2022 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK
Population
1,679,172 (2022 est.)
Nationality
noun: Equatorial Guinean(s) or Equatoguinean(s)
adjective: Equatorial Guinean or Equatoguinean
Ethnic groups
Fang 85.7%, Bubi 6.5%, Mdowe 3.6%, Annobon 1.6%, Bujeba 1.1%, other 1.4% (1994 est.)
Languages
Spanish (official) 67.6%, other (includes Fang, Bubi, Portuguese (official), French (official), Portuguese-based Creoles spoken in Ano Bom) 32.4% (1994 est.)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 88%, Protestant 5%, Muslim 2%, other 5% (animist, Baha'i, Jewish) (2015 est.)
Demographic profile
Equatorial Guinea is one of the smallest and least populated countries in continental Africa and is the only independent African country where Spanish is an official language. Despite a boom in oil production in the 1990s, authoritarianism, corruption, and resource mismanagement have concentrated the benefits among a small elite. These practices have perpetuated income inequality and unbalanced development, such as low public spending on education and health care. Unemployment remains problematic because the oil-dominated economy employs a small labor force dependent on skilled foreign workers. The agricultural sector, Equatorial Guinea’s main employer, continues to deteriorate because of a lack of investment and the migration of rural workers to urban areas. About three-quarters of the population lives below the poverty line.
Equatorial Guinea’s large and growing youth population – about 60% are under the age of 25 – is particularly affected because job creation in the non-oil sectors is limited, and young people often do not have the skills needed in the labor market. Equatorial Guinean children frequently enter school late, have poor attendance, and have high dropout rates. Thousands of Equatorial Guineans fled across the border to Gabon in the 1970s to escape the dictatorship of Francisco MACIAS NGUEMA; smaller numbers have followed in the decades since. Continued inequitable economic growth and high youth unemployment increases the likelihood of ethnic and regional violence.
Age structure
0-14 years: 38.73% (male 164,417/female 159,400)
15-24 years: 19.94% (male 84,820/female 81,880)
25-54 years: 32.72% (male 137,632/female 135,973)
55-64 years: 4.69% (male 17,252/female 22,006)
65 years and over: 3.92% (male 13,464/female 19,334) (2020 est.)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 72.2
youth dependency ratio: 66.7
elderly dependency ratio: 5.4
potential support ratio: 18.5 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 20.3 years
male: 19.9 years
female: 20.7 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
3.5% (2022 est.)
Birth rate
29.95 births/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Death rate
8.95 deaths/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Net migration rate
13.96 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2022 est.)
Population distribution
only two large cities over 30,000 people (Bata on the mainland, and the capital Malabo on the island of Bioko); small communities are scattered throughout the mainland and the five inhabited islands as shown in this population distribution map
Urbanization
urban population: 74.4% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 3.62% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
297,000 MALABO (capital) (2018)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.08 male(s)/female
15-24 years: 1.21 male(s)/female
25-54 years: 1.21 male(s)/female
55-64 years: 1.17 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female
total population: 1.15 male(s)/female (2022 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
301 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 78.33 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 84.23 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 72.25 deaths/1,000 live births (2022 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 63.7 years
male: 61.44 years
female: 66.03 years (2022 est.)
Total fertility rate
4.26 children born/woman (2022 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
N/A
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 81.7% of population
rural: 32.1% of population
total: 67.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 18.3% of population
rural: 67.9% of population
total: 32.4% of population (2017 est.)
Current health expenditure
3.1% of GDP (2019)
Physicians density
0.4 physicians/1,000 population (2017)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 81.2% of population
rural: 63.4% of population
total: 76.2% of population
unimproved: urban: 18.8% of population
rural: 36.6% of population
total: 23.8% of population (2020 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate
6.9% (2021 est.)
Major infectious diseases
degree of risk: very high (2020)
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
vectorborne diseases: malaria and dengue fever
animal contact diseases: rabies
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
8% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 6.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 3.83 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 1.24 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.99 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.05 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
5.6% (2011)
Education expenditures
N/A
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 95.3%
male: 97.4%
female: 93% (2015)
NOTE: The information regarding Equatorial Guinea on this page is re-published from the 2022 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Equatorial Guinea 2022 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Equatorial Guinea 2022 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
This page was last modified 01 Dec 23, Copyright © 23 ITA all rights reserved.