Cuba People - 2023
SOURCE: 2023 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK
Population
10,985,974 (2023 est.)
Nationality
noun: Cuban(s)
adjective: Cuban
Ethnic groups
White 64.1%, Mulatto or mixed 26.6%, Black 9.3% (2012 est.)
note: data represent racial self-identification from Cuba's 2012 national census
Languages
Spanish (official)
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Christian 58.9%, folk religion 17.6%, Buddhist
note: folk religions include religions of African origin, spiritualism, and others intermingled with Catholicism or Protestantism; data is estimative because no authoritative source on religious affiliation exists for Cuba
Age structure
0-14 years: 16.39% (male 926,457/female 874,347)
15-64 years: 66.81% (male 3,692,573/female 3,647,316)
65 years and over: 16.8% (2023 est.) (male 835,005/female 1,010,276)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 45.9
youth dependency ratio: 23.1
elderly dependency ratio: 22.9
potential support ratio: 4.4 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 42.1 years
male: 40.2 years
female: 43.8 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
-0.19% (2023 est.)
Birth rate
9.99 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
9.37 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Net migration rate
-2.53 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
large population clusters found throughout the country, the more significant ones being in the larger towns and cities, particularly the capital of Havana
Urbanization
urban population: 77.5% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.19% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
2.149 million HAVANA (capital) (2023)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.71 male(s)/female
total population: 0.93 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
39 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 4.07 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 4.58 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 3.52 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 79.87 years
male: 77.53 years
female: 82.35 years (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.71 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.83 (2023 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
69% (2019)
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 98.9% of population
rural: 97% of population
total: 98.5% of population
unimproved: urban: 1.1% of population
rural: 3% of population
total: 1.5% of population (2020 est.)
Current health expenditure
12.5% of GDP (2020)
Physicians density
8.42 physicians/1,000 population (2018)
Hospital bed density
5.3 beds/1,000 population (2017)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 94.8% of population
rural: 87% of population
total: 93% of population
unimproved: urban: 5.2% of population
rural: 13% of population
total: 7% of population (2017 est.)
Major infectious diseases
degree of risk: intermediate (2023)
food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A
vectorborne diseases: dengue fever
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
24.6% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 4.7 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 1.77 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.23 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 2.69 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.01 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 17.9% (2020 est.)
male: 25.5% (2020 est.)
female: 10.3% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
2.4% (2019)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
58% (2023 est.)
Child marriage
women married by age 15: 4.8%
women married by age 18: 29.4%
men married by age 18: 5.9% (2019 est.)
Education expenditures
N/A
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 99.7%
male: 99.6%
female: 99.7% (2021)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 14 years
male: 13 years
female: 15 years (2021)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 7.4%
male: 7.6%
female: 7% (2021 est.)
People - note
illicit emigration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US including direct flights to Miami and overland via the southwest border; the number of Cubans migrating to the US surged after the announcement of normalization of US-Cuban relations in late December 2014 but has decreased since the end of the so-called "wet-foot, dry-foot" policy on 12 January 2017
NOTE: The information regarding Cuba on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Cuba 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Cuba 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
This page was last modified 06 Dec 23, Copyright © 2023 ITA all rights reserved.