Djibouti Economy - 2023

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Economic overview

food import-dependent Horn of Africa economy driven by various national military bases and port-based trade; fairly resilient from COVID-19 disruptions; major re-exporter; increasing Ethiopian and Chinese trade relations; investing in infrastructure

Real GDP (purchasing power parity)

$5.432 billion (2021 est.)

$5.182 billion (2020 est.)

$5.121 billion (2019 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

Real GDP growth rate

4.81% (2021 est.)

1.2% (2020 est.)

5.55% (2019 est.)

Real GDP per capita

$4,900 (2021 est.)

$4,800 (2020 est.)

$4,800 (2019 est.)

note: data are in 2017 dollars

GDP (official exchange rate)

$3.323 billion (2019 est.)

Inflation rate (consumer prices)

1.78% (2020 est.)

3.32% (2019 est.)

0.15% (2018 est.)

GDP - composition, by sector of origin

agriculture: 2.4% (2017 est.)

industry: 17.3% (2017 est.)

services: 80.2% (2017 est.)

GDP - composition, by end use

household consumption: 56.5% (2017 est.)

government consumption: 29.2% (2017 est.)

investment in fixed capital: 41.8% (2017 est.)

investment in inventories: 0.3% (2017 est.)

exports of goods and services: 38.6% (2017 est.)

imports of goods and services: -66.4% (2017 est.)

Agricultural products

vegetables, milk, beef, camel milk, lemons, limes, goat meat, mutton, beans, tomatoes

Industries

construction, agricultural processing, shipping

Industrial production growth rate

-4.43% (2020 est.)

Labor force

240,500 (2021 est.)

Labor force - by occupation

agriculture: NA

industry: NA

services: NA

Unemployment rate

28.39% (2021 est.)

28.39% (2020 est.)

26.36% (2019 est.)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 79.9%

male: 78.6%

female: 82.2% (2021 est.)

Population below poverty line

21.1% (2017 est.)

Gini Index coefficient - distribution of family income

41.6 (2017 est.)

Household income or consumption by percentage share

lowest 10%: 2.4%

highest 10%: 30.9% (2002)

Budget

revenues: $725 million (2019 est.)

expenditures: $754 million (2019 est.)

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)

-9% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Public debt

31.8% of GDP (2017 est.)

33.7% of GDP (2016 est.)

Taxes and other revenues

35.3% (of GDP) (2017 est.)

Fiscal year

calendar year

Current account balance

-$225.106 million (2021 est.)

$366.358 million (2020 est.)

$563.976 million (2019 est.)

Exports

$5.16 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.695 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$5.15 billion (2019 est.)

Exports - partners

Saudi Arabia 42%, India 15%, China 14%, Egypt 5%, South Korea 5% (2019)

Exports - commodities

palm oil, chlorides, sheep and goats, kidney beans, industrial fatty acids/oils, coffee (2021)

Imports

$5.483 billion (2021 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$3.425 billion (2020 est.) note: data are in current year dollars

$4.764 billion (2019 est.)

Imports - partners

China 43%, United Arab Emirates 15%, India 7%, Turkey 5% (2019)

Imports - commodities

refined petroleum, fertilizers, iron sheeting, cars, palm oil (2019)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold

$588.418 million (31 December 2021 est.)

$686.339 million (31 December 2020 est.)

$501.858 million (31 December 2019 est.)

Debt - external

$1.954 billion (31 December 2017 est.)

$1.519 billion (31 December 2016 est.)

Exchange rates

Djiboutian francs (DJF) per US dollar -

177.721 (2021 est.)

177.721 (2020 est.)

177.721 (2019 est.)

177.721 (2018 est.)

177.721 (2017 est.)

NOTE: The information regarding Djibouti on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Djibouti 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Djibouti 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.