Germany People - 2023

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Population

84,220,184 (2023 est.)

Nationality

noun: German(s)

adjective: German

Ethnic groups

German 86.3%, Turkish 1.8%, Polish 1%, Syrian 1%, Romanian 1%, other/stateless/unspecified 8.9% (2020 est.)

note:  data represent population by nationality

Languages

German (official); note - Danish, Frisian, Sorbian, and Romani are official minority languages; Low German, Danish, North Frisian, Sater Frisian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, and Romani are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

German audio sample:

Religions

Roman Catholic 26%, Protestant 23.7%, Muslim 3.6%, other 4.8%, none 41.9% (2021 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 13.75% (male 5,905,124/female 5,673,727)

15-64 years: 62.97% (male 26,934,889/female 26,097,401)

65 years and over: 23.28% (2023 est.) (male 8,784,872/female 10,824,171)

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 56.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.7

elderly dependency ratio: 34.7

potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est.)

Median age

total: 47.8 years

male: 46.5 years

female: 49.1 years (2020 est.)

Population growth rate

-0.12% (2023 est.)

Birth rate

9.02 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

11.97 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Net migration rate

1.78 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia

Urbanization

urban population: 77.8% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.13% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

total population growth rate v. urban population growth rate, 2000-2030

Major urban areas - population

3.574 million BERLIN (capital), 1.788 million Hamburg, 1.576 million Munich, 1.144 million Cologne, 796,000 Frankfurt (2023)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female

total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

29.9 years (2020 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

4 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 3.14 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 3.51 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 2.76 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 81.72 years

male: 79.37 years

female: 84.2 years (2023 est.)

Total fertility rate

1.58 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

0.77 (2023 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

67% (2018)

note: percent of women aged 18-49

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Current health expenditure

12.8% of GDP (2020)

Physicians density

4.44 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Hospital bed density

8 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

22.3% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 10.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

beer: 5.57 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

wine: 3.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

spirits: 1.97 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use

total: 22% (2020 est.)

male: 24.1% (2020 est.)

female: 19.9% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

0.5% (2014/17)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

54.4% (2023 est.)

Education expenditures

4.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Literacy

total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 17 years (2020)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 7%

male: 7.2%

female: 6.6% (2021 est.)

NOTE: The information regarding Germany on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Germany 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Germany 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.