Spain People - 2023
SOURCE: 2023 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK
Population
47,222,613 (2023 est.)
Nationality
noun: Spaniard(s)
adjective: Spanish
Ethnic groups
Spanish 84.8%, Moroccan 1.7%, Romanian 1.2%, other 12.3% (2021 est.)
note: data represent population by country of birth
Languages
Castilian Spanish (official nationwide) 74%, Catalan (official in Catalonia, the Balearic Islands, and the Valencian Community (where it is known as Valencian)) 17%, Galician (official in Galicia) 7%, Basque (official in the Basque Country and in the Basque-speaking area of Navarre) 2%, Aranese (official in the northwest corner of Catalonia (Vall d'Aran) along with Catalan,
major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)
The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.
Religions
Roman Catholic 58.2%, atheist 16.2%, agnostic 10.8%, other 2.7%, non-believer 10.5%, unspecified 1.7% (2021 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years: 13.37% (male 3,226,491/female 3,087,271)
15-64 years: 66.13% (male 15,649,418/female 15,577,164)
65 years and over: 20.5% (2023 est.) (male 4,169,949/female 5,512,320)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 52.4
youth dependency ratio: 21.9
elderly dependency ratio: 30.2
potential support ratio: 3.3 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 43.9 years
male: 42.7 years
female: 45.1 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
0.12% (2023 est.)
Birth rate
7.12 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
10.11 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Net migration rate
4.23 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
with the notable exception of Madrid, Sevilla, and Zaragoza, the largest urban agglomerations are found along the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts; numerous smaller cities are spread throughout the interior reflecting Spain's agrarian heritage; very dense settlement around the capital of Madrid, as well as the port city of Barcelona
Urbanization
urban population: 81.6% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.24% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
note: data include Canary Islands, Ceuta, and Melilla
Major urban areas - population
6.751 million MADRID (capital), 5.687 million Barcelona, 838,000 Valencia (2023)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female
total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
31.2 years (2020 est.)
Maternal mortality ratio
3 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 2.43 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 2.7 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 2.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 82.78 years
male: 80.08 years
female: 85.61 years (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
1.29 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
0.63 (2023 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
62.1% (2018)
note: percent of women aged 18-49
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 99.9% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 99.9% of population
unimproved: urban: 0.1% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0.1% of population (2020 est.)
Current health expenditure
10.7% of GDP (2020)
Physicians density
4.44 physicians/1,000 population (2019)
Hospital bed density
3 beds/1,000 population (2018)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 100% of population
rural: 100% of population
total: 100% of population
unimproved: urban: 0% of population
rural: 0% of population
total: 0% of population (2020 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
23.8% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 10.72 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 4.67 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 3.52 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 2.34 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0.19 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 27.7% (2020 est.)
male: 28.6% (2020 est.)
female: 26.7% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
N/A
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
50.1% (2023 est.)
Education expenditures
4.6% of GDP (2020 est.)
Literacy
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98.6%
male: 99%
female: 98.2% (2020)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 18 years
male: 18 years
female: 19 years (2020)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 36.9%
male: 35.9%
female: 38.2% (2021 est.)
NOTE: The information regarding Spain on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Spain 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Spain 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
This page was last modified 06 Dec 23, Copyright © 2023 ITA all rights reserved.