Tonga People - 2023
SOURCE: 2023 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK
Population
105,221 (2023 est.)
Nationality
noun: Tongan(s)
adjective: Tongan
Ethnic groups
Tongan 97%, part-Tongan 0.8%, other 2.2%, unspecified
Languages
Tongan and English 76.8%, Tongan, English, and other language 10.6%, Tongan only (official) 8.7%, English only (official) 0.7%, other 1.7%, none 2.2% (2016 est.)
note: data represent persons aged 5 and older who can read and write a simple sentence in Tongan, English, or another language
Religions
Protestant 64.1% (includes Free Wesleyan Church 35%, Free Church of Tonga 11.9%, Church of Tonga 6.8%, Assembly of God 2.3%, Seventh Day Adventist 2.2%, Tokaikolo Christian Church 1.6%, other 4.3%), Church of Jesus Christ 18.6%, Roman Catholic 14.2%, other 2.4%, none 0.5%, unspecified 0.1% (2016 est.)
Age structure
0-14 years: 29.92% (male 15,989/female 15,491)
15-64 years: 62.79% (male 33,330/female 32,741)
65 years and over: 7.29% (2023 est.) (male 3,453/female 4,217)
Dependency ratios
total dependency ratio: 68.6
youth dependency ratio: 58.5
elderly dependency ratio: 10.5
potential support ratio: 9.5 (2021 est.)
Median age
total: 24.1 years
male: 23.6 years
female: 24.5 years (2020 est.)
Population growth rate
-0.3% (2023 est.)
Birth rate
20.02 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Death rate
4.95 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Net migration rate
-18.06 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)
Population distribution
over two-thirds of the population lives on the island of Tongatapu; only 45 of the nation's 171 islands are occupied
Urbanization
urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)
rate of urbanization: 0.99% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
Major urban areas - population
23,000 NUKU'ALOFA (2018)
Sex ratio
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
0-14 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.82 male(s)/female
total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2023 est.)
Mother's mean age at first birth
24.9 years (2012 est.)
note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49
Maternal mortality ratio
126 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)
Infant mortality rate
total: 12.1 deaths/1,000 live births
male: 13.09 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 11.09 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)
Life expectancy at birth
total population: 77.78 years
male: 76.14 years
female: 79.47 years (2023 est.)
Total fertility rate
2.7 children born/woman (2023 est.)
Gross reproduction rate
1.33 (2023 est.)
Contraceptive prevalence rate
29.3% (2019)
Drinking water source
improved: urban: 99.8% of population
rural: 99.6% of population
total: 99.6% of population
unimproved: urban: 0.2% of population
rural: 0.4% of population
total: 0.4% of population (2020 est.)
Current health expenditure
5.3% of GDP (2020)
Physicians density
0.95 physicians/1,000 population (2020)
Sanitation facility access
improved: urban: 99.4% of population
rural: 98.8% of population
total: 98.9% of population
unimproved: urban: 0.6% of population
rural: 1.2% of population
total: 1.1% of population (2020 est.)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate
48.2% (2016)
Alcohol consumption per capita
total: 0.31 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
beer: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
wine: 0.17 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
spirits: 0.11 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)
Tobacco use
total: 31% (2020 est.)
male: 46.7% (2020 est.)
female: 15.3% (2020 est.)
Children under the age of 5 years underweight
0.8% (2019)
Currently married women (ages 15-49)
54.9% (2023 est.)
Child marriage
women married by age 15: 0.4%
women married by age 18: 10.1%
men married by age 18: 2.8% (2019 est.)
Education expenditures
6.6% of GDP (2021 est.)
Literacy
definition: can read and write Tongan and/or English
total population: 99.4%
male: 99.4%
female: 99.5% (2021)
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)
total: 16 years
male: 15 years
female: 17 years (2020)
Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)
total: 11.1%
male: 7.5%
female: 16.3% (2021 est.)
NOTE: The information regarding Tonga on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Tonga 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Tonga 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
This page was last modified 06 Dec 23, Copyright © 2023 ITA all rights reserved.