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Ethiopia Government 1996


    • Names:

        conventional long form:
        none

        conventional short form:
        Ethiopia

        local long form:
        none

        local short form:
        Ityop'iya

    • Digraph:
      ET

    • Type:
      transitional government

        note:
        on 28 May 1991 the Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF) toppled the authoritarian government of MENGISTU Haile-Mariam and took control in Addis Ababa; a new constitution was promulgated in December 1994 and national and regional elections are scheduled for May 1995; the administrative regions will elect regional assemblies by popular vote; the National Assembly will have two chambers - one elected by popular vote and the other selected as representatives by the regional assemblies; the lower house of the National Assembly will select or confirm the president, the prime minister and the cabinet officers and judges; the prime minister will be the chief executive officer and the duties of the president will be mostly ceremonial

    • Capital:
      Addis Ababa

    • Administrative divisions:
      14 ethnically-based administrative regions (astedader akababiwach, singular - astedader akababi) Addis Ababa, Afar, Amhara, Benishangul, Gambela, Gurage-Hadiya-Kambata, Hareri, Kefa, Omo, Oromo, Sidama, Somali, Tigray, Wolayta

        note:
        the following named four administrative regions may have been abolished and their territories distributed among the remaining ten regions: Kefa, Omo, Sidama, and Wolayta

    • Independence:
      oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years

    • National holiday:
      National Day, 28 May (1991) (defeat of Mengistu regime)

    • Constitution:
      new constitution promulgated in December 1994

    • Legal system:
      NA

    • Suffrage:
      18 years of age; universal

    • Executive branch:

        chief of state:
        President MELES Zenawi (since 1 June 1991); appointed by the Council of Representatives following the military defeat of the MENGISTU government; following the elections to the National Assembly scheduled for May 1995 the lower house of the National Assembly will nominate a new president

        head of government:
        Prime Minister TAMIRAT Layne (since 6 June 1991); a new prime minister will be designated by the party in power following the elections to the General Assembly in May 1995

        cabinet:
        Council of Ministers; presently designated by the chairman of the Council of Representatives; under the new constitution and following the elections in May 1995 the cabinet officers will be selected by the prime minister

    • Legislative branch:

        Constituent Assembly:
        elections were held on 5 June 1994; results - government parties swept almost all seats; in December 1994 the Constituent Assembly ratified the new constitution with few changes; the new constitution prescribes two chambers for the new National Assembly - one which is elected by popular vote and one which represents the ethnic interests of the regional governments

    • Judicial branch:
      Supreme Court

    • Political parties and leaders:
      Ethiopian People's Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), MELES Zenawi;

    • Other political or pressure groups:
      Oromo Liberation Front (OLF); All Amhara People's Organization; Southern Ethiopia People's Democratic Coalition; numerous small, ethnic-based groups have formed since Mengistu's resignation, including several Islamic militant groups

    • Member of:
      ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IGADD, ILO, IMF, IMO, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ISO, ITU, NAM, OAU, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WMO, WTO

    • Diplomatic representation in US:

        chief of mission:
        Ambassador BERHANE Gebre-Christos

        chancery:
        2134 Kalorama Road NW, Washington, DC 20008

        telephone:
        [1] (202) 234-2281, 2282

        FAX:
        [1] (202) 328-7950

    • US diplomatic representation:

        chief of mission:
        Ambassador Irvin HICKS

        embassy:
        Entoto Street, Addis Ababa

        mailing address:
        P. O. Box 1014, Addis Ababa

        telephone:
        [251] (1) 550666

        FAX:
        [251] (1) 552191

    • Flag:
      three equal horizontal bands of green (top), yellow, and red; Ethiopia is the oldest independent country in Africa, and the colors of her flag were so often adopted by other African countries upon independence that they became known as the pan-African colors






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