Economy - overview:
Since 1997, Sudan has been working with the IMF to implement macroeconomic reforms including a managed float of the exchange rate and a large reserve of foreign exchange. A new currency, the Sudanese Pound, was introduced in January 2007 at an initial exchange rate of $1.00 equals 2 Sudanese Pounds. Sudan began exporting crude oil in the last quarter of 1999 and the economy boomed on the back of increases in oil production, high oil prices, and significant inflows of foreign direct investment until the second half of 2008. The Darfur conflict, the aftermath of two decades of civil war in the south, the lack of basic infrastructure in large areas, and a reliance by much of the population on subsistence agriculture ensure much of the population will remain at or below the poverty line for years to come despite rapid rises in average per capita income. Sudan's real GDP expanded by 5.2% during 2010, an improvement over 2009's 4.2% growth but significantly below the more that 10% per year growth experienced prior to the global financial crisis in 2006 and 2007. While the oil sector continues to drive growth, services and utilities play an increasingly important role in the economy with agriculture production remaining important as it employs 80% of the work force and contributes a third of GDP. In the lead up to the referendum on southern secession, scheduled in January 2011, Sudan saw its currency depreciate considerably on the black market with the Central Bank's official rate also losing value as the Sudanese people started to hoard foreign currency. The Central Bank of Sudan intervened heavily in the currency market to defend the value of the pound and the Sudanese government introduced a number of measures to restrain excess local demand for hard currency, but uncertainty ahead of the referendum has meant that foreign exchange remained in heavy demand as 2010 came to a close.
GDP (purchasing power parity): GDP (official exchange rate): GDP - real growth rate: GDP - per capita (PPP): GDP - composition by sector: Labor force: Labor force - by occupation: Unemployment rate: Population below poverty line: Household income or consumption by percentage share: Investment (gross fixed): Budget: Public debt: Inflation rate (consumer prices): Stock of narrow money: Stock of broad money: Stock of domestic credit: Market value of publicly traded shares: Agriculture - products: Industries: Industrial production growth rate: Electricity - production: Electricity - consumption: Electricity - exports: Electricity - imports: Oil - production: Oil - consumption: Oil - exports: Oil - imports: Oil - proved reserves: Natural gas - production: Natural gas - consumption: Natural gas - exports: Natural gas - imports: Natural gas - proved reserves: Current account balance: Exports: Exports - commodities: Exports - partners: Imports: Imports - commodities: Imports - partners: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: Debt - external: Exchange rates:
NOTE: The information regarding Sudan on this page is re-published from the 2011 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Sudan Economy 2011 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Sudan Economy 2011 should be addressed to the CIA.
$98.79 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
note:
data are in 2010 US dollars
[see also: GDP (purchasing power parity) country ranks ]
$65.93 billion (2009 est.)
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]
5.2% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 53
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]
$2,200 (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 187
note:
data are in 2010 US dollars
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]
agriculture: 32.1%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - agriculture country ranks ]
industry:
29%
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - industry country ranks ]
services:
38.9% (2009 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition by sector - services country ranks ]
11.92 million (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 42
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]
agriculture: 80%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry:
7%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services:
13% (1998 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]
18.7% (2002 est.)
country comparison to the world: 163
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]
40% (2004 est.)
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]
lowest 10%: NA%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%:
NA%
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]
20.2% of GDP (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84
[see also: Investment (gross fixed) country ranks ]
revenues: $11.06 billion
[see also: Budget - revenues country ranks ]
expenditures:
$13.15 billion (2009 est.)
[see also: Budget - expenditures country ranks ]
94.2% of GDP (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 12
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]
11.8% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 208
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]
$7.713 billion (31 December 2010 est)
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]
$13.5 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]
$10.15 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 93
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]
$NA
[see also: Market value of publicly traded shares country ranks ]
cotton, groundnuts (peanuts), sorghum, millet, wheat, gum arabic, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca), mangos, papaya, bananas, sweet potatoes, sesame; sheep, livestock
oil, cotton ginning, textiles, cement, edible oils, sugar, soap distilling, shoes, petroleum refining, pharmaceuticals, armaments, automobile/light truck assembly
3.5% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]
4.341 billion kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
[see also: Electricity - production country ranks ]
3.438 billion kWh (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 121
[see also: Electricity - consumption country ranks ]
0 kWh (2008 est.)
[see also: Electricity - exports country ranks ]
0 kWh (2008 est.)
[see also: Electricity - imports country ranks ]
486,700 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 31
[see also: Oil - production country ranks ]
84,000 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 84
[see also: Oil - consumption country ranks ]
303,800 bbl/day (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 41
[see also: Oil - exports country ranks ]
11,400 bbl/day (2007 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
[see also: Oil - imports country ranks ]
6.8 billion bbl (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 20
[see also: Oil - proved reserves country ranks ]
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 125
[see also: Natural gas - production country ranks ]
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
[see also: Natural gas - consumption country ranks ]
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 119
[see also: Natural gas - exports country ranks ]
0 cu m (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 129
[see also: Natural gas - imports country ranks ]
84.95 billion cu m (1 January 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 56
[see also: Natural gas - proved reserves country ranks ]
-$2.595 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 162
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]
$9.777 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87
[see also: Exports country ranks ]
oil and petroleum products; cotton, sesame, livestock, groundnuts, gum arabic, sugar
China 58.29%, Japan 14.7%, Indonesia 8.83%, India 4.86% (2009)
$8.483 billion (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
[see also: Imports country ranks ]
foodstuffs, manufactured goods, refinery and transport equipment, medicines and chemicals, textiles, wheat
China 21.87%, Saudi Arabia 7.22%, Egypt 6.1%, India 5.53%, UAE 5.3% (2009)
$2.063 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 97
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]
$37.98 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 58
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]
Sudanese pounds (SDG) per US dollar - 2.36 (2010), 2.32 (2009), 2.1 (2008), 2.06 (2007), 2.172 (2006)
This page was last modified 09-Feb-11