Puerto Rico People - 2023

Population

3,057,311 (2023 est.)

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Nationality

noun: Puerto Rican(s) (US citizens)

adjective: Puerto Rican

Ethnic groups

White 75.8%, Black/African American 12.4%, other 8.5% (includes American Indian, Alaskan Native, Native Hawaiian, other Pacific Islander, and others), mixed 3.3% (2010 est.)

note: 99% of the population is Latino

Languages

Spanish, English

major-language sample(s):
La Libreta Informativa del Mundo, la fuente indispensable de información básica. (Spanish)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

Roman Catholic 56%, Protestant 33% (largely Pentecostal), other 2%, atheist 1%, none 7% (2014 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 12.84% (male 199,933/female 192,690)

15-64 years: 62.98% (male 921,003/female 1,004,395)

65 years and over: 24.18% (2023 est.) (male 317,522/female 421,768)

total dependency ratio: 56.3

youth dependency ratio: 21.3

elderly dependency ratio: 34.9

potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est.)

Median age

total: 43.6 years

male: 41.6 years

female: 45.3 years (2020 est.)

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Population growth rate

-1.29% (2023 est.)

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Birth rate

7.84 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

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Death rate

10 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

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Net migration rate

-10.76 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

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Population distribution

population clusters tend to be found along the coast, the largest of these is found in and around San Juan; an exception to this is a sizeable population located in the interior of the island immediately south of the capital around Caguas; most of the interior, particularly in the western half of the island, is dominated by the Cordillera Central mountains, where population density is low

Urbanization

urban population: 93.6% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: -0.12% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

2.440 million SAN JUAN (capital) (2023)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female

total population: 0.89 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

34 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

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Infant mortality rate

total: 5.92 deaths/1,000 live births

male: 6.5 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 5.31 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)

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Life expectancy at birth

total population: 81.89 years

male: 78.69 years

female: 85.27 years (2023 est.)

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Total fertility rate

1.25 children born/woman (2023 est.)

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Gross reproduction rate

0.61 (2023 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

NA

Drinking water source

improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Current health expenditure

NA

Physicians density

3.06 physicians/1,000 population (2018)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: NA

rural: NA

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

NA

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

37.4% (2023 est.)

Education expenditures

3.6% of GDP (2021 est.)

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Literacy

definition: age 15 and over can read and write

total population: 92.4%

male: 92.4%

female: 92.4% (2021)

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 16 years

male: 15 years

female: 18 years (2018)

Youth unemployment rate (ages 15-24)

total: 18.5%

male: 19.4%

female: 15.6% (2021 est.)

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NOTE: The information regarding Puerto Rico on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Puerto Rico 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Puerto Rico 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.