Page last updated on January 27, 2020
Location:
Southeastern Europe, bordering the Black Sea, between Romania and Turkey
Geographic coordinates:
43 00 N, 25 00 E
Map references:
Europe
Area:
total: 110,879 sq km
[see also: Area - total country ranks ]
land: 108,489 sq km
[see also: Area - land country ranks ]
water: 2,390 sq km
[see also: Area - water country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
106
Area - comparative:
almost identical in size to Virginia; slightly larger than Tennessee
Area comparison map:
almost identical in size to Virginia; slightly larger than Tennessee
Land boundaries:
total: 1,806 km
[see also: Land boundaries - total country ranks ]
border countries (5):
Greece 472 km, Macedonia 162 km, Romania 605 km, Serbia 344 km, Turkey 223 km
Coastline:
354 km
[see also: Coastline country ranks ]
Maritime claims:
territorial sea: 12
nm
[see also: Maritime claims - territorial sea country ranks ]
exclusive economic zone: 200
nm
[see also: Maritime claims - exclusive economic zone country ranks ]
contiguous zone: 24
nm
[see also: Maritime claims - contiguous zone country ranks ]
Climate:
temperate; cold, damp winters; hot, dry summers
More Climate Details
Terrain:
mostly mountains with lowlands in north and southeast
Elevation:
mean elevation: 472 m
[see also: Elevation - mean elevation country ranks ]
lowest point:
Black Sea 0 m
highest point:
Musala 2,925 m
Natural resources:
bauxite, copper, lead, zinc, coal, timber, arable land
Land use:
agricultural land: 46.9%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - agricultural land country ranks ]
arable land: 29.9%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - arable land country ranks ]
permanent crops: 1.5%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - permanent crops country ranks ]
permanent pasture: 15.5%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - permanent pasture country ranks ]
forest: 36.7%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use - forest country ranks ]
other: 16.4%
(2011 est.)
[see also: Land use country ranks ]
Irrigated land:
1,020 sq km
(2012)
[see also: Irrigated land country ranks ]
Population distribution:
a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger populations
Natural hazards:
earthquakes; landslides
Environment - current issues:
air pollution from industrial emissions; rivers polluted from raw sewage, heavy metals, detergents; deforestation; forest damage from air pollution and resulting acid rain; soil contamination from heavy metals from metallurgical plants and industrial wastes
Environment - international agreements:
party to:
Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Nitrogen Oxides, Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Air Pollution-Sulfur 85, Air Pollution-Sulfur 94, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic-Marine Living Resources, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Geography - note:
strategic location near Turkish Straits; controls key land routes from Europe to Middle East and Asia
NOTE: 1) The information regarding Bulgaria on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Bulgaria Geography 2020 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Bulgaria Geography 2020 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may have the following issues:
a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
b) The CIA sometimes assigns counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order.
This page was last modified 27-Jan-20
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