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Cuba Economy 2020

SOURCE: 2020 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES











Cuba Economy 2020
SOURCE: 2020 CIA WORLD FACTBOOK AND OTHER SOURCES


Page last updated on January 27, 2020

Economy - overview:
The government continues to balance the need for loosening its socialist economic system against a desire for firm political control. In April 2011, the government held the first Cuban Communist Party Congress in almost 13 years, during which leaders approved a plan for wide-ranging economic changes. Since then, the government has slowly and incrementally implemented limited economic reforms, including allowing Cubans to buy electronic appliances and cell phones, stay in hotels, and buy and sell used cars. The government has cut state sector jobs as part of the reform process, and it has opened up some retail services to "self-employment," leading to the rise of so-called "cuentapropistas" or entrepreneurs. More than 500,000 Cuban workers are currently registered as self-employed.

The Cuban regime has updated its economic model to include permitting the private ownership and sale of real estate and new vehicles, allowing private farmers to sell agricultural goods directly to hotels, allowing the creation of non-agricultural cooperatives, adopting a new foreign investment law, and launching a "Special Development Zone" around the Mariel port.

Since 2016, Cuba has attributed slowed economic growth in part to problems with petroleum product deliveries from Venezuela. Since late 2000, Venezuela provided petroleum products to Cuba on preferential terms, supplying at times nearly 100,000 barrels per day. Cuba paid for the oil, in part, with the services of Cuban personnel in Venezuela, including some 30,000 medical professionals.

GDP (purchasing power parity):
$137 billion (2017 est.)
$134.8 billion (2016 est.)
$134.2 billion (2015 est.)
note: data are in 2016 US dollars
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 79
[see also: GDP country ranks ]

GDP (official exchange rate):
$93.79 billion (2017 est.)
note: data are in Cuban Pesos at 1 CUP = 1 US$; official exchange rate
[see also: GDP (official exchange rate) country ranks ]

GDP - real growth rate:
1.6% (2017 est.)
0.5% (2016 est.)
4.4% (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 167
[see also: GDP - real growth rate country ranks ]

GDP - per capita (PPP):
$12,300 (2016 est.)
$12,200 (2015 est.)
$12,100 (2014 est.)
note: data are in 2016 US dollars
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 128
[see also: GDP - per capita country ranks ]

Gross national saving:
11.4% of GDP (2017 est.)
12.3% of GDP (2016 est.)
12.1% of GDP (2015 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 156
[see also: Gross national saving country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by end use:
household consumption: 57% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - household consumption country ranks ]
government consumption: 31.6% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - government consumption country ranks ]
investment in fixed capital: 9.6% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in fixed capital country ranks ]
investment in inventories: 0% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - investment in inventories country ranks ]
exports of goods and services: 14.6% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - exports of goods and services country ranks ]
imports of goods and services: -12.7% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by end use - imports of goods and services country ranks ]

GDP - composition, by sector of origin:
agriculture: 4% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 22.7% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - industry country ranks ]
services: 73.4% (2017 est.)
[see also: GDP - composition, by sector of origin - services country ranks ]

Agriculture - products:
sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice, potatoes, beans; livestock

Industries:
petroleum, nickel, cobalt, pharmaceuticals, tobacco, construction, steel, cement, agricultural machinery, sugar

Industrial production growth rate:
-1.2% (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 179
[see also: Industrial production growth rate country ranks ]

Labor force:
4.691 million (2017 est.)
note: state sector 72.3%, non-state sector 27.7%
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 86
[see also: Labor force country ranks ]

Labor force - by occupation:
agriculture: 18%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - agriculture country ranks ]
industry: 10%
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - industry country ranks ]
services: 72% (2016 est.)
[see also: Labor force - by occupation - services country ranks ]

Unemployment rate:
2.6% (2017 est.)
2.4% (2016 est.)
note: data are official rates; unofficial estimates are about double
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 27
[see also: Unemployment rate country ranks ]

Population below poverty line:
NA
[see also: Population below poverty line country ranks ]

Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: NA
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - lowest 10% country ranks ]
highest 10%: NA
[see also: Household income or consumption by percentage share - highest 10% country ranks ]

Budget:
revenues: 54.52 billion (2017 est.)
[see also: Budget - revenues country ranks ]
expenditures: 64.64 billion (2017 est.)
[see also: Budget - expenditures country ranks ]

Taxes and other revenues:
58.1% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 8
[see also: Taxes and other revenues country ranks ]

Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-):
-10.8% (of GDP) (2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 214
[see also: Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) country ranks ]

Public debt:
47.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
42.7% of GDP (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 110
[see also: Public debt country ranks ]

Fiscal year:
calendar year

Inflation rate (consumer prices):
5.5% (2017 est.)
4.5% (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 178
[see also: Inflation rate (consumer prices) country ranks ]

Central bank discount rate:
NA
[see also: Central bank discount rate country ranks ]

Commercial bank prime lending rate:
NA
[see also: Commercial bank prime lending rate country ranks ]

Stock of narrow money:
$23.26 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$21.92 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 66
[see also: Stock of narrow money country ranks ]

Stock of broad money:
$23.26 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$21.92 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 66
[see also: Stock of broad money country ranks ]

Stock of domestic credit:
NA
[see also: Stock of domestic credit country ranks ]

Current account balance:
$985.4 million (2017 est.)
$2.008 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 50
[see also: Current account balance country ranks ]

Exports:
$2.63 billion (2017 est.)
$2.546 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 131
[see also: Exports country ranks ]

Exports - partners:
Venezuela 17.8%, Spain 12.2%, Russia 7.9%, Lebanon 6.1%, Indonesia 4.5%, Germany 4.3% (2017)

Exports - commodities:
petroleum, nickel, medical products, sugar, tobacco, fish, citrus, coffee

Imports:
$11.06 billion (2017 est.)
$10.28 billion (2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 98
[see also: Imports country ranks ]

Imports - commodities:
petroleum, food, machinery and equipment, chemicals

Imports - partners:
China 22%, Spain 14%, Russia 5%, Brazil 5%, Mexico 4.9%, Italy 4.8%, US 4.5% (2017)

Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:
$11.35 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$12.3 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 72
[see also: Reserves of foreign exchange and gold country ranks ]

Debt - external:
$30.06 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
$29.89 billion (31 December 2016 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 80
[see also: Debt - external country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:
NA
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - at home country ranks ]

Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:
$4.138 billion (2006 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data): 77
[see also: Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad country ranks ]

Exchange rates:
Cuban pesos (CUP) per US dollar -
1 (2017 est.)
1 (2016 est.)
1 (2015 est.)
1 (2014 est.)
22.7 (2013 est.)


NOTE: 1) The information regarding Cuba on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Cuba Economy 2020 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Cuba Economy 2020 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may have the following issues:
  a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
  b) The CIA sometimes assigns counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order.






This page was last modified 27-Jan-20
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