Population:
1,326,093,247
(July 2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
2
[see also: Population country ranks ]
Nationality:
noun:
Indian(s)
adjective:
Indian
Ethnic groups:
Indo-Aryan 72%, Dravidian 25%, Mongoloid and other 3%
(2000)
Languages:
Hindi 43.6%, Bengali 8%, Marathi 6.9%, Telugu 6.7%, Tamil 5.7%, Gujarati 4.6%, Urdu 4.2%, Kannada 3.6%, Odia 3.1%, Malayalam 2.9%, Punjabi 2.7%, Assamese 1.3%, Maithili 1.1%, other 5.6%
(2011 est.)
note: English enjoys the status of subsidiary official language but is the most important language for national, political, and commercial communication; there are 22 other officially recognized languages: Assamese, Bengali, Bodo, Dogri, Gujarati, Hindi, Kannada, Kashmiri, Konkani, Maithili, Malayalam, Manipuri, Nepali, Odia, Punjabi, Sanskrit, Santali, Sindhi, Tamil, Telugu, Urdu; Hindustani is a popular variant of Hindi/Urdu spoken widely throughout northern India but is not an official language
Religions:
Hindu 79.8%, Muslim 14.2%, Christian 2.3%, Sikh 1.7%, other and unspecified 2%
(2011 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 26.31%
(male 185,017,089/female 163,844,572)
[see also: Age structure - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 17.51%
(male 123,423,531/female 108,739,780)
[see also: Age structure - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 41.56%
(male 285,275,667/female 265,842,319)
[see also: Age structure - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 7.91%
(male 52,444,817/female 52,447,038)
[see also: Age structure - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 6.72%
(male 42,054,459/female 47,003,975)
(2020 est.)
[see also: Age structure - 65 years and over country ranks ]
population pyramid:
This is the population pyramid for India. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.
For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page under the References tab.
Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 52.2
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio country ranks ]
youth dependency ratio: 43.6
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio country ranks ]
elderly dependency ratio: 8.6
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio country ranks ]
potential support ratio: 11.7
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - potential support ratio country ranks ]
Median age:
total: 28.7 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male: 28 years
[see also: Median age - male country ranks ]
female: 29.5 years
(2020 est.)
[see also: Median age - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
141
Population growth rate:
1.1%
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
96
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]
Birth rate:
18.2 births/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
87
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]
Death rate:
7.3 deaths/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
113
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]
Net migration rate:
0 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
85
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]
Population distribution:
with the notable exception of the deserts in the northwest, including the Thar Desert, and the mountain fringe in the north, a very high population density exists throughout most of the country; the core of the population is in the north along the banks of the Ganges, with other river valleys and southern coastal areas also having large population concentrations
Urbanization:
urban population: 34.5% of total population
(2019)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization: 2.37% annual rate of change
(2015-20 est.)
[see also: Urbanization - rate of urbanization country ranks ]
Major urban areas - population:
29.399 million NEW DELHI (capital), 20.185 million Mumbai, 14.755 million Kolkata, 11.883 million Bangalore, 10.711 million Chennai, 9.741 million Hyderabad
(2019)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.11 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
0-14 years: 1.13 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 1.14 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 1.07 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 1 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 0.89 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 65 years and over country ranks ]
total population: 107.9 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio country ranks ]
Maternal mortality rate:
145 deaths/100,000 live births
(2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
57
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]
Infant mortality rate:
total: 35.4 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - total country ranks ]
male: 34.4 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - male country ranks ]
female: 36.5 deaths/1,000 live births
(2020 est.)
[see also: Infant mortality rate - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
45
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 69.7 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - total population country ranks ]
male: 68.4 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - male country ranks ]
female: 71.2 years
(2020 est.)
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
167
[See also: Healthy Life Expectancy ]
[See also: Health Performance ]
Total fertility rate:
2.35 children born/woman
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
81
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
53.5%
(2015/16)
[see also: Contraceptive prevalence rate country ranks ]
Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 97.1% of population
[see also: Drinking water source - improved - urban country ranks ]
rural: 92.6% of population
[see also: Drinking water source - improved - rural country ranks ]
total: 94.1% of population
unimproved:
urban: 2.9% of population
rural: 7.4% of population
total: 5.9% of population
(2015 est.)
Current Health Expenditure:
3.7%
(2016)
[see also: Current Health Expenditure country ranks ]
Physicians density:
0.78 physicians/1,000 population
(2017)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]
Hospital bed density:
0.7 beds/1,000 population
(2011)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]
Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 62.6% of population
(2015 est.)
[see also: Sanitation facility access - improved - urban country ranks ]
rural: 28.5% of population
(2015 est.)
[see also: Sanitation facility access - improved - rural country ranks ]
total: 39.6% of population
(2015 est.)
unimproved:
urban: 37.4% of population
(2015 est.)
rural: 71.5% of population
(2015 est.)
total: 60.4% of population
(2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
0.2%
(2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
99
[see also: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
2.1 million
(2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
3
[see also: HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS country ranks ]
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
69,000
(2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
2
[see also: HIV/AIDS - deaths country ranks ]
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk:
very high
(2016)
food or waterborne diseases:
bacterial diarrhea, hepatitis A and E, and typhoid fever
(2016)
vectorborne diseases:
dengue fever, Japanese encephalitis, and malaria
(2016)
water contact diseases:
leptospirosis
(2016)
animal contact diseases:
rabies
(2016)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
3.9%
(2016)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
189
[see also: Obesity - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
36.3%
(2015)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
4
[see also: Children under the age of 5 years underweight country ranks ]
Education expenditures:
3.8% of GDP
(2013)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
112
[see also: Education expenditures country ranks ]
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 71.2%
[see also: Literacy - total population country ranks ]
male: 81.3%
[see also: Literacy - male country ranks ]
female: 60.6%
(2015)
[see also: Literacy - female country ranks ]
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 12 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total country ranks ]
male: 12 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male country ranks ]
female: 13 years
(2016)
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - female country ranks ]
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 10.1%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - total country ranks ]
male: 9.5%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - male country ranks ]
female: 12%
(2012 est.)
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
129
NOTE: 1) The information regarding India on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of India People 2020 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about India People 2020 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may have the following issues:
a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
b) The CIA sometimes assigns counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order.
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This page was last modified 27-Jan-20