limited arable land and restricted natural freshwater resources; desertification; air pollution from industrial and vehicle emissions; groundwater pollution from industrial and domestic waste, chemical fertilizers, and pesticides
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Marine Life Conservation
particulate matter emissions: 19.46 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est.)
carbon dioxide emissions: 65.17 megatons (2016 est.)
methane emissions: 13.02 megatons (2020 est.)
municipal: 983 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
industrial: 72 million cubic meters (2017 est.)
agricultural: 1.249 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
1.78 billion cubic meters (2017 est.)
temperate; hot and dry in southern and eastern desert areas
agricultural land: 23.8% (2018 est.)
arable land: 13.7% (2018 est.)
permanent crops: 3.8% (2018 est.)
permanent pasture: 6.3% (2018 est.)
forest: 7.1% (2018 est.)
other: 69.1% (2018 est.)
forest revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
coal revenues: 0% of GDP (2018 est.)
urban population: 92.7% of total population (2021)
rate of urbanization: 1.51% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)
municipal solid waste generated annually: 5.4 million tons (2015 est.)
municipal solid waste recycled annually: 1.35 million tons (2017 est.)
percent of municipal solid waste recycled: 25% (2017 est.)
NOTE: The information regarding Israel on this page is re-published from the 2021 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Israel 2021 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Israel 2021 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
This page was last modified 16 Dec 23, Copyright © 2023 ITA all rights reserved.