Romania Military - 2023

GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES 

Military and security forces

Romanian Armed Forces (Forțele Armate Române or Armata Română): Land Forces, Naval Forces, Air Force (2023)

note: the Ministry of Internal Affairs is responsible for the General Inspectorate of the Romanian Police, the Romanian Gendarmerie (Jandarmeria Română), the border police, the General Directorate for Internal Protection, and the Directorate General for Anticorruption

Military expenditures

2.4% of GDP (2023 est.)

1.7% of GDP (2022 est.)

1.9% of GDP (2021)

2% of GDP (2020)

1.8% of GDP (2019)

Military and security service personnel strengths

approximately 75,000 active duty personnel (58,000 Land Forces; 7,000 Naval Forces; 10,000 Air Force) (2022)

Military equipment inventories and acquisitions

the military's inventory is comprised mostly of Soviet-era and older domestically produced weapons systems, although in recent years it has launched an effort to acquire more Western-origin equipment from European countries and the US, including aircraft and armored vehicles (2023)

Military service age and obligation

18 years of age for voluntary service for men and women; all military inductees contract for an initial 5-year term of service, with subsequent successive 3-year terms until age 36; conscription ended in 2006 (2022)

Military deployments

up to 120 Poland (NATO) (2022)

Military - note

Romania became a member of NATO in 2004

Romania hosts a NATO multinational divisional headquarters (Multinational Division Southeast; became operational in 2017) and a French-led ground force battlegroup as part of NATO's tailored forward presence in the southeastern part of the Alliance in response to Russia’s 2022 invasion of Ukraine; Romania conducts its own air policing mission, but because of Russian aggression in the Black Sea region, NATO allies have sent detachments of fighters to augment the Romanian Air Force since 2014 (2023)

NOTE: The information regarding Romania on this page is re-published from the 2023 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Romania 2023 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Romania 2023 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.