Germany People - 2024

Population

84,220,184 (2023 est.)

Nationality

noun: German(s)

adjective: German

Ethnic groups

German 85.4%, Turkish 1.8%, Ukrainian 1.4%, Syrian 1.1%, Romanian 1%, Poland 1%, other/stateless/unspecified 8.3% (2022 est.)

note:  data represent population by nationality

Languages

German (official); note - Danish, Frisian, Sorbian, and Romani are official minority languages; Low German, Danish, North Frisian, Sater Frisian, Lower Sorbian, Upper Sorbian, and Romani are recognized as regional languages under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages

major-language sample(s):
Das World Factbook, die unverzichtbare Quelle für grundlegende Informationen. (German)

The World Factbook, the indispensable source for basic information.

German audio sample:

Religions

Roman Catholic 24.8%, Protestant 22.6%, Muslim 3.7%, other 5.1%, none 43.8% (2022 est.)

Age structure

0-14 years: 13.75% (male 5,905,124/female 5,673,727)

15-64 years: 62.97% (male 26,934,889/female 26,097,401)

65 years and over: 23.28% (2023 est.) (male 8,784,872/female 10,824,171)

2023 population pyramid:

Dependency ratios

total dependency ratio: 56.4

youth dependency ratio: 21.7

elderly dependency ratio: 34.7

potential support ratio: 2.9 (2021 est.)

Median age

total: 46.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 45.4 years

female: 48.2 years

Population growth rate

-0.12% (2023 est.)

Birth rate

9 births/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Death rate

12 deaths/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Net migration rate

1.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2023 est.)

Population distribution

second most populous country in Europe; a fairly even distribution throughout most of the country, with urban areas attracting larger and denser populations, particularly in the far western part of the industrial state of North Rhine-Westphalia

Urbanization

urban population: 77.8% of total population (2023)

rate of urbanization: 0.13% annual rate of change (2020-25 est.)

Major urban areas - population

3.574 million BERLIN (capital), 1.788 million Hamburg, 1.576 million Munich, 1.144 million Cologne, 796,000 Frankfurt (2023)

Sex ratio

at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female

0-14 years: 1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years: 1.03 male(s)/female

65 years and over: 0.81 male(s)/female

total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2023 est.)

Mother's mean age at first birth

29.9 years (2020 est.)

Maternal mortality ratio

4 deaths/100,000 live births (2020 est.)

Infant mortality rate

total: 3.1 deaths/1,000 live births (2023 est.)

male: 3.5 deaths/1,000 live births

female: 2.8 deaths/1,000 live births

Life expectancy at birth

total population: 81.7 years (2023 est.)

male: 79.4 years

female: 84.2 years

Total fertility rate

1.58 children born/woman (2023 est.)

Gross reproduction rate

0.77 (2023 est.)

Contraceptive prevalence rate

67% (2018)

note: percent of women aged 18-49

Drinking water source

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Current health expenditure

12.8% of GDP (2020)

Physicians density

4.44 physicians/1,000 population (2020)

Hospital bed density

8 beds/1,000 population (2017)

Sanitation facility access

improved: urban: 100% of population

rural: 100% of population

total: 100% of population

unimproved: urban: 0% of population

rural: 0% of population

total: 0% of population (2020 est.)

Obesity - adult prevalence rate

22.3% (2016)

Alcohol consumption per capita

total: 10.56 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

beer: 5.57 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

wine: 3.02 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

spirits: 1.97 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

other alcohols: 0 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est.)

Tobacco use

total: 22% (2020 est.)

male: 24.1% (2020 est.)

female: 19.9% (2020 est.)

Children under the age of 5 years underweight

0.5% (2014/17)

Currently married women (ages 15-49)

54.4% (2023 est.)

Education expenditures

4.7% of GDP (2020 est.)

Literacy

total population: NA

male: NA

female: NA

School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education)

total: 17 years

male: 17 years

female: 17 years (2020)