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Iraq Government 1996

Names:

conventional long form:

Republic of Iraq

conventional short form:

Iraq

local long form:

Al Jumhuriyah al Iraqiyah

local short form:

Al Iraq

Digraph:

Type:

republic

Capital:

Baghdad

Administrative divisions:

18 provinces (muhafazat, singular - muhafazah); Al Anbar, Al Basrah, Al Muthanna, Al Qadisiyah, An Najaf, Arbil, As Sulaymaniyah, At Ta'mim, Babil, Baghdad, Dahuk, Dhi Qar, Diyala, Karbala', Maysan, Ninawa, Salah ad Din, Wasit

Independence:

3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British administration)

National holiday:

Anniversary of the Revolution, 17 July (1968)

Constitution:

22 September 1968, effective 16 July 1970 (provisional Constitution); new constitution drafted in 1990 but not adopted

Legal system:

based on Islamic law in special religious courts, civil law system elsewhere; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction

Suffrage:

18 years of age; universal

Executive branch:

chief of state:

President SADDAM Husayn (since 16 July 1979); Vice President Taha Muhyi al-Din MARUF (since 21 April 1974); Vice President Taha Yasin RAMADAN (since 23 March 1991)

head of government:

Prime Minister SADDAM Husayn (since NA May 1994); Deputy Prime Minister Tariq Mikhail AZIZ (since NA 1979)

Revolutionary Command Council:

Chairman SADDAM Husayn, Vice Chairman Izzat IBRAHIM al-Duri

cabinet:

Council of Ministers

Legislative branch:

unicameral

National Assembly (Majlis al-Watani):

elections last held on 1 April 1989 (next to be held NA); results - Sunni Arabs 53%, Shi'a Arabs 30%, Kurds 15%, Christians 2% (est.); seats - (250 total) number of seats by party NA

note:

in northern Iraq, a "Kurdish Assembly" was elected in May 1992 and calls for Kurdish self-determination within a federated Iraq; the assembly is not recognized by the Baghdad government

Judicial branch:

Court of Cassation

Political parties and leaders:

Ba'th Party

Other political or pressure groups:

political parties and activity severely restricted; opposition to regime from disaffected members of the Ba'th Party, Army officers, and Shi'a religious and ethnic Kurdish dissidents; the Green Party (government-controlled)

Member of:

ABEDA, ACC, AFESD, AL, AMF, CAEU, CCC, ESCWA, FAO, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, ITU, NAM, OAPEC, OIC, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO

Diplomatic representation in US:

chief of mission:

Iraq has an Interest Section in the Algerian Embassy in Washington, DC

chancery:

Iraqi Interests Section, 1801 P Street NW, Washington, DC 20036

telephone:

[1] (202) 483-7500

FAX:

[1] (202) 462-5066

US diplomatic representation:

chief of mission:

(vacant); note - operations have been temporarily suspended; a US Interests Section is located in Poland's embassy in Baghdad

embassy:

Masbah Quarter (opposite the Foreign Ministry Club), Baghdad

mailing address:

P. O. Box 2447 Alwiyah, Baghdad

telephone:

[964] (1) 719-6138, 719-6139, 718-1840, 719-3791

FAX:

Telex 212287

Flag:

three equal horizontal bands of red (top), white, and black with three green five-pointed stars in a horizontal line centered in the white band; the phrase ALLAHU AKBAR (God is Great) in green Arabic script - Allahu to the right of the middle star and Akbar to the left of the middle star - was added in January 1991 during the Persian Gulf crisis; similar to the flag of Syria that has two stars but no script and the flag of Yemen that has a plain white band; also similar to the flag of Egypt that has a symbolic eagle centered in the white band

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