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Tanzania Geography 1996

    • Location:
      Eastern Africa, bordering the Indian Ocean, between Kenya and Mozambique

    • Map references:
      Africa

    • Area:

        total area:
        945,090 sq km

        land area:
        886,040 sq km

        comparative area:
        slightly larger than twice the size of California

        note:
        includes the islands of Mafia, Pemba, and Zanzibar

    • Land boundaries:
      total 3,402 km, Burundi 451 km, Kenya 769 km, Malawi 475 km, Mozambique 756 km, Rwanda 217 km, Uganda 396 km, Zambia 338 km

    • Coastline:
      1,424 km

    • Maritime claims:

        exclusive economic zone:
        200 nm

        territorial sea:
        12 nm

    • International disputes:
      boundary dispute with Malawi in Lake Nyasa; Tanzania-Zaire-Zambia tripoint in Lake Tanganyika may no longer be indefinite since it is reported that the indefinite section of the Zaire-Zambia boundary has been settled

    • Climate:
      varies from tropical along coast to temperate in highlands

    • Terrain:
      plains along coast; central plateau; highlands in north, south

    • Natural resources:
      hydropower potential, tin, phosphates, iron ore, coal, diamonds, gemstones, gold, natural gas, nickel

    • Land use:

        arable land:
        5%

        permanent crops:
        1%

        meadows and pastures:
        40%

        forest and woodland:
        47%

        other:
        7%

    • Irrigated land:
      1,530 sq km (1989 est.)

    • Environment:

        current issues:
        soil degradation; deforestation; desertification; destruction of coral reefs threatens marine habitats; recent droughts affected marginal agriculture

        natural hazards:
        the tsetse fly and lack of water limit agriculture; flooding on the central plateau during the rainy season

        international agreements:
        party to - Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection; signed, but not ratified - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification

    • Note:
      Mount Kilimanjaro is highest point in Africa






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