Population:
11,865,821
(July 2020 est.)
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality, higher death rates, lower population growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
77
[see also: Population country ranks ]
Nationality:
noun:
Burundian(s)
adjective:
Burundian
Ethnic groups:
Hutu, Tutsi, Twa (Pygmy)
Languages:
Kirundi only 29.7% (official); French only .3% (official); Swahili only .2%; English only .1% (official); Kirundi and French 8.4%; Kirundi, French, and English 2.4%, other language combinations 2%, unspecified 56.9%
(2008 est.)
note: data represent languages read and written by people 10 years of age or older; spoken Kirundi is nearly universal
Religions:
Roman Catholic 62.1%, Protestant 23.9% (includes Adventist 2.3% and other Protestant 21.6%), Muslim 2.5%, other 3.6%, unspecified 7.9%
(2008 est.)
Demographic profile:
Burundi is a densely populated country with a high population growth rate, factors that combined with land scarcity and poverty place a large share of its population at risk of food insecurity. About 90% of the population relies on subsistence agriculture. Subdivision of land to sons, and redistribution to returning refugees, results in smaller, overworked, and less productive plots. Food shortages, poverty, and a lack of clean water contribute to a 60% chronic malnutrition rate among children. A lack of reproductive health services has prevented a significant reduction in Burundi’s maternal mortality and fertility rates, which are both among the world’s highest. With two-thirds of its population under the age of 25 and a birth rate of about 6 children per woman, Burundi’s population will continue to expand rapidly for decades to come, putting additional strain on a poor country.
Historically, migration flows into and out of Burundi have consisted overwhelmingly of refugees from violent conflicts. In the last decade, more than a half million Burundian refugees returned home from neighboring countries, mainly Tanzania. Reintegrating the returnees has been problematic due to their prolonged time in exile, land scarcity, poor infrastructure, poverty, and unemployment. Repatriates and existing residents (including internally displaced persons) compete for limited land and other resources. To further complicate matters, international aid organizations reduced their assistance because they no longer classified Burundi as a post-conflict country. Conditions have deteriorated since renewed violence erupted in April 2015, causing another outpouring of refugees. In addition to refugee out-migration, Burundi has hosted thousands of refugees from neighboring countries, mostly from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and lesser numbers from Rwanda.
Age structure:
0-14 years: 43.83%
(male 2,618,868/female 2,581,597)
[see also: Age structure - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 19.76%
(male 1,172,858/female 1,171,966)
[see also: Age structure - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 29.18%
(male 1,713,985/female 1,748,167)
[see also: Age structure - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 4.17%
(male 231,088/female 264,131)
[see also: Age structure - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 3.06%
(male 155,262/female 207,899)
(2020 est.)
[see also: Age structure - 65 years and over country ranks ]
population pyramid:
This is the population pyramid for Burundi. A population pyramid illustrates the age and sex structure of a country's population and may provide insights about political and social stability, as well as economic development. The population is distributed along the horizontal axis, with males shown on the left and females on the right. The male and female populations are broken down into 5-year age groups represented as horizontal bars along the vertical axis, with the youngest age groups at the bottom and the oldest at the top. The shape of the population pyramid gradually evolves over time based on fertility, mortality, and international migration trends.
For additional information, please see the entry for Population pyramid on the Definitions and Notes page under the References tab.
Dependency ratios:
total dependency ratio: 89.6
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - total dependency ratio country ranks ]
youth dependency ratio: 84.8
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - youth dependency ratio country ranks ]
elderly dependency ratio: 4.7
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - elderly dependency ratio country ranks ]
potential support ratio: 21.1
(2015 est.)
[see also: Dependency ratios - potential support ratio country ranks ]
Median age:
total: 17.7 years
[see also: Median age - total country ranks ]
male: 17.4 years
[see also: Median age - male country ranks ]
female: 18 years
(2020 est.)
[see also: Median age - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
218
Population growth rate:
2.85%
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
11
[see also: Population growth rate country ranks ]
Birth rate:
36.5 births/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
16
[see also: Birth rate country ranks ]
Death rate:
6.2 deaths/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
154
[see also: Death rate country ranks ]
Net migration rate:
-0.8 migrant(s)/1,000 population
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
134
[see also: Net migration rate country ranks ]
Population distribution:
one of Africa's most densely populated countries; concentrations tend to be in the north and along the northern shore of Lake Tanganyika in the west; most people live on farms near areas of fertile volcanic soil
Urbanization:
urban population: 13.4% of total population
(2019)
[see also: Urbanization - urban population country ranks ]
rate of urbanization: 5.68% annual rate of change
(2015-20 est.)
[see also: Urbanization - rate of urbanization country ranks ]
Major urban areas - population:
954,000 BUJUMBURA (capital)
(2019)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - at birth country ranks ]
0-14 years: 1.01 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 0-14 years country ranks ]
15-24 years: 1 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 15-24 years country ranks ]
25-54 years: 0.98 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 25-54 years country ranks ]
55-64 years: 0.87 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 55-64 years country ranks ]
65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio - 65 years and over country ranks ]
total population: 98.6 male(s)/female
(2020 est.)
[see also: Sex ratio country ranks ]
Mother's mean age at first birth:
21.3 years
(2010 est.)
note: median age at first birth among women 25-29
[see also: Mother's mean age at first birth country ranks ]
Maternal mortality rate:
548 deaths/100,000 live births
(2017 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
16
[see also: Maternal mortality rate country ranks ]
Infant mortality rate:
total: 40.1 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - total country ranks ]
male: 44.4 deaths/1,000 live births
[see also: Infant mortality rate - male country ranks ]
female: 35.7 deaths/1,000 live births
(2020 est.)
[see also: Infant mortality rate - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
39
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 66.7 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - total population country ranks ]
male: 64.6 years
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - male country ranks ]
female: 68.8 years
(2020 est.)
[see also: Life expectancy at birth - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
184
[See also: Healthy Life Expectancy ]
[See also: Health Performance ]
Total fertility rate:
5.28 children born/woman
(2020 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
12
[see also: Total fertility rate country ranks ]
Contraceptive prevalence rate:
28.5%
(2016/17)
[see also: Contraceptive prevalence rate country ranks ]
Drinking water source:
improved:
urban: 91.1% of population
[see also: Drinking water source - improved - urban country ranks ]
rural: 73.8% of population
[see also: Drinking water source - improved - rural country ranks ]
total: 75.9% of population
unimproved:
urban: 8.9% of population
rural: 26.2% of population
total: 24.1% of population
(2015 est.)
Current Health Expenditure:
6.2%
(2016)
[see also: Current Health Expenditure country ranks ]
Physicians density:
0.05 physicians/1,000 population
(2016)
[see also: Physicians density country ranks ]
Hospital bed density:
0.8 beds/1,000 population
(2014)
[see also: Hospital bed density country ranks ]
Sanitation facility access:
improved:
urban: 43.8% of population
(2015 est.)
[see also: Sanitation facility access - improved - urban country ranks ]
rural: 48.6% of population
(2015 est.)
[see also: Sanitation facility access - improved - rural country ranks ]
total: 48% of population
(2015 est.)
unimproved:
urban: 56.2% of population
(2015 est.)
rural: 51.4% of population
(2015 est.)
total: 52% of population
(2015 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
1%
(2018 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
47
[see also: HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
82,000
(2018 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
48
[see also: HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS country ranks ]
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
1,900
(2018 est.)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
46
[see also: HIV/AIDS - deaths country ranks ]
Major infectious diseases:
degree of risk:
very high
(2019)
food or waterborne diseases:
bacterial and protozoal diarrhea, hepatitis A, and typhoid fever
(2019)
vectorborne diseases:
malaria and dengue fever
(2019)
water contact diseases:
schistosomiasis
(2019)
animal contact diseases:
rabies
(2019)
Obesity - adult prevalence rate:
5.4%
(2016)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
178
[see also: Obesity - adult prevalence rate country ranks ]
Children under the age of 5 years underweight:
29.3%
(2016)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
12
[see also: Children under the age of 5 years underweight country ranks ]
Education expenditures:
4.8% of GDP
(2017)
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
71
[see also: Education expenditures country ranks ]
Literacy:
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 68.4%
[see also: Literacy - total population country ranks ]
male: 76.3%
[see also: Literacy - male country ranks ]
female: 61.2%
(2017)
[see also: Literacy - female country ranks ]
School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):
total: 11 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - total country ranks ]
male: 11 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male country ranks ]
female: 11 years
[see also: School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education) - male country ranks ]
(2017)
Unemployment, youth ages 15-24
total: 2.9%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - total country ranks ]
male: 4.4%
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - male country ranks ]
female: 2%
(2014 est.)
[see also: Unemployment, youth ages 15-24 - female country ranks ]
country comparison to the world (CIA rank, may be based on non-current data):
173
NOTE: 1) The information regarding Burundi on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Burundi People 2020 information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Burundi People 2020 should be addressed to the CIA or the source cited on each page.
2) The rank that you see is the CIA reported rank, which may have the following issues:
a) They assign increasing rank number, alphabetically for countries with the same value of the ranked item, whereas we assign them the same rank.
b) The CIA sometimes assigns counterintuitive ranks. For example, it assigns unemployment rates in increasing order, whereas we rank them in decreasing order.
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This page was last modified 27-Jan-20