Disputes - international:
Kosovo and North Macedonia completed demarcation of their boundary in September 2008
Refugees and internally displaced persons:
stateless persons:
571 (2018)
note: 483,474 estimated refugee and migrant arrivals (January 2015-December 2019); North Macedonia is predominantly a transit country and hosts fewer than 50 refugees and asylum seekers as of October 2017; 3,132 migrant arrivals in 2018
Illicit drugs:
major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for Europe; although not a financial center and most criminal activity is thought to be domestic, money laundering is a problem due to a mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement
